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FROM THE LAB

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By Marty Levine Quarterdeck Office Systems’ DESQview/X: At Last You Can Integrate HP-UX Workstations And Servers With Your DOS PCs ....54

What A TRIP!

By Michele Petrovsky Paralog’s Far-Out Text- Based Database Delivers Mind-Blowing Performance

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Decision ’92: Distributed OLTP

By Gordon McLachlan

Old-guard proprietary OLTP solutions just don’t understand today’s decentralized enterprise, but can you really trust UNIX with your mission-critical transaction

processing?

Financial Moves By Lynn Haber

While keeping tabs on client-server computing, financial software vendors take open systems and ease of use into account. Smart shoppers will look for adherence to

standards and an open systems approach that meets their application needs.

Living On The Fault Line By Bill Sharp When downtime causes untimely and costly interruptions in your business environ-

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CIRCLE 178 ON READER CARD

UNIX is a registered trademark of AT&T in the U.S.A. and in other countries. MS-DOS is a trademark of Microsoft. Macintosh is a trademark of Apple Computer Inc.

X Window System is a trademark of MIT.

Microsoft is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corp.

NewWave is a trademark of Hewlett-Packard Co.

See

MANAGING EDITOR Don Marks ASSOCIATE EDITOR § Andrea J. Zavod

SENIOR TECHNICAL EDITOR David B. Miller TECHNICAL EDITOR Bill Sharp

CONTRIBUTING EDITOR Gordon McLachlan APOLLO EDITOR = Fred Mallett

FIELD SERVICE EDITOR Ron Levine

HP 3000 EDITOR § John P. Burke

INTERNATIONAL EDITOR = Marsha Johnston NETWORKING EDITOR Tim Cahoon

PC/UNIX EDITOR Miles B. Kehoe

SOFTWARE ENGINEERING EDITOR Richard Richle EDITORIAL ASSISTANT Stephen G. McDowell CONTRIBUTORS = Lynn Haber

DP LABORATORY AND TESTING CENTER

MANAGER David B. Miller

TECHNICAL EDITORS Marty Levine, Charlie Simpson ASSISTANT LAB MANAGER = Anne Schrauger

REVIEW EDITORS John P. Burke, Tony Fiorito, Miles B. Kehoe, Michele Petrovsky, Barry Sobel

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For more information on how to contact your sales repre- sentative, see page 87. For subscription information and address changes, call (215) 957-4269. Editorial, advertising sales and executive offices at 101 Witmer Rd., Horsham, PA 19044 @ (215) 957-1500 Corporate FAX (215) 957-1050. To reach staff listed on masthead via UUNET, send MAIL to: LAST NAME@proeast.propress.com

HP PROFESSIONAL ISSN 0986145X is published monthly by Cardinal Business Media Inc., 101 Witmer Rd., Horsham, PA 19044. Subscriptions are complimentary for qualified U.S. and Canadian sites. Single copy price, including postage $4. One year subscription rate: $30 U.S. and Canada; $60 foreign. All orders must be prepaid. For reprints, contact Reprint Management Services, 505 E. Airport Rd., Lancaster, PA 17601; (717) 560-2001, Fax (717) 560-2023. Second Class postage paid at Horsham, PA 19044, and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send all correspon- dence and address changes to HP PROFESSIONAL, P.O. 616, 101 Witmer Rd., Horsham, PA 19044. COPYRIGHT © 1992 by Cardinal Business Media , Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without written per- mission from the publisher. All submitted manuscripts, photographs and/or artwork are sent to Cardinal Business Media, Inc. at the sole risk of the sender. Neither Cardinal Business Media, Inc nor HP PROFESSIONAL magazine is responsible for any loss or damage. HP PROFESSIONAL is an independent journal not affiliated with Hewlett-Packard Company. HP and Hewlett-Packard are regis- tered trademarks and HP PROFESSIONAL is a trademark of

Hewlett-Packard Company. WBPA

Image: Earth’s atmosphere on Oct. 1, 1987, correlating temperature (bluish haze) with wind velocity, direction and horizontal

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HP Weathers Industry Change And Drives Hard Into Midrange Markets

The Eye Of The Storm

Most attendees expected this year’s INTEREX HP Users Conference to be a steamy one—given New Orleans’ reputation for muggy August heat, the bayou city was hardly an optimal choice for a summer conference—but no one was quite prepared to sweat out a hurricane.

In fact, if that ominous wind hadn’t kicked up, this year’s conference might

By Don Marks

. have been as placid as last year’s love @ @

fest by the San Diego bay.

For HP 3000 users, certainly, there was no shortage of posi- tive vibrations. HP selected the newest HP 3000 system, the high-end Model 987, as the first vehicle for the latest incarna- tion of PA-RISC—the superscalar, 96Mhz 7100 chip. And, just when I thought it was safe to start whining again about the demise of MPE, HP delivered both a read/write SQL interface for TurboIMAGE and NetWare for MPE/ix.

More important than these technical Eurekas, however, was a notable marketing breakthrough on the part of HP’s normally-reticent Commercial Systems Division. Glenn Osaka, marketing manager for the HP 3000, came to New Orleans prepared to declare war. His target: IBM’s $16 billion-a-year AS/ 400 business.

The plan, Osaka says, is to position the HP 3000 as a com- plete, turnkey alternative to Big Blue’s midrange offering. HP promises to do all the handholding IBM routinely does for its cautious, job-conscious installed base — for about one-third the price. Says Osaka: “If we can siphon off 10 percent of that mar- ket per year, that’s over three billion dollars. We'll be satisfied.”

On the UNIX multiuser front, the big news in New Or- leans was on the exhibit floor. Computer Associates, Legent, Lawson, Uniface and Ross HP, to name a few, all swept in from other platforms to offer a host (or, pardon me, a server) of com- mercial applications for the open systems crowd.

HP’s mid-September delivery of 7100-based UNIX servers (we received the news at press time) only verified what has long been suspected in these pages: HP-UX actually is hotter than August in New Orleans.

The new high-end HP 9000 887 and 897 offer industry lead- ing single-processor performance. The 897 delivers client-server mode transaction processing at an incredible 184/tps for an

equally unbelievable $10,737 per tps. Prices for the 887 and 897 are $92,000 and $112,000 respectively.

Winds Of Change Meanwhile, outgoing HP CEO and President John Young bid the INTEREX organization farewell in a speech that looked back on his successful tenure at the helm — and forward to a de- cade of intense, accelerated change driven by RISC technol- ogy. Young also introduced new CEO and President Lew Platt, who promised to maintain HP’s commitment to quality and sup- port as the company plunges into competitive hardware mar- kets characterized by low margins and commodity pricing.

Before fleeing Andrew’s wrath, I had the opportunity to in- terview Mr. Platt. Talk about a whirlwind. In the course of our brief conversation, I learned that his plans for HP include a headlong push into network services and systems integration, increased leverage of the company’s computer and instrumen- tation businesses and a renewed emphasis on decreasing time- to-market for new technologies — all strategies designed to raise margins rather than simply increase volume.

Make no mistake, this company is prepared to survive the

coming storm. Lin Wark

An Enterprise Perspective

Starting this month, HP Professional adopts a new tag line for beneath its title: The Magazine For Hewlett-Packard Enterprise Computing. This new phrase, we believe, best describes the complete range of computing options now available to HP users— from desktop to data center, factory floor to interdepartmental LAN. It also characterizes the primary challenge facing most HP computing professionals today: how to link a diverse array of corporate systems and integrate existing islands of information.

Our goal is to provide you with insights that help you manage all your computing resources, be they the latest in PA- RISC technology or legacy systems that still perform a vital role.

You'll also notice that we’ve made some changes to HP Professional's DP Labs. Our new “spec-sheet” presentation, which includes a checklist of major product features, as well as pricing and platform information, is designed to provide you with a quick reference source for the information you need when evaluating software and hardware products. Our product reviews themselves continue to provide the rigorous analysis and hands-on testing you’ve come to expect from DP Labs.

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CIRCLE 246 ON READER CARD

This may be it: the true reality. The HP/Lotus Development Corp. deal to move four big-time DOS applications onto HP-UX could be the fi- nal piece that takes HP’s version of UNIX out of Guru-land and places it solidly amongst real people who use real com- puters, drive real cars and drink real beer.

We aren’t talking about moving just one application onto HP-UX, as was done with Lotus 1-2-3 last year. Nor are we talking about some low-life DOS emulation window that brings the power of your UNIX system to its knees by forcing it to act stupid. We aren’t even talking about using off-brand office au- tomation applications from Also-ran Software Inc.

No ma’am. We are talking about the very same applications from Lotus De- velopment Corp., Cambridge, MA, that run on millions of DOS PCs worldwide. HP and Lotus reportedly will have them on HP-UX by early next year. This will be in addition to Lotus 1-2-3 and Lotus Realtime, which have been available on HP-UX for more than year. The new ad- ditions to the HP-UX family will include:

Ami Pro: A word processor that in- cludes capabilities for charting, drawing, file management, macros, merges and tables.

Freelance Graphics: A presentation graphics product with templates, draw- ing, outlining and charting features.

Lotus Notes: A groupware comput- ing environment that facilitates informa-

tion-sharing over networks. Lotus cc:Mail: A widely used LAN-

based electronic mail system that will be integrated with HP OpenMail.

Sitting Pretty

“This is great news!” says Peter Vescuso, commercial market development man- ager for HP’s Workstation Business Unit. “Here you can have a lot of what you liked about a PC with all the advantages of a workstation. This is an important announcement for users and MIS people.”

Those of you using HP-UX get the first crack at these Lotus products

outside the DOS

environment.

Advantages of moving Lotus applica- tions onto HP-UX include the pluses of native UNIX applications, such as:

@ Networked applications capability.

@ Floating license technology to reduce licensing costs.

m Native UNIX performance as opposed to emulated DOS performance.

“If you compare performance of these products on our workstations to their performance on a 386-based PC, there is a 5X difference,” says Vescuso.

But HP’s excitement goes beyond just getting some top-drawer office-type ap- plications onto HP-UX. These are some of the applications that are particularly important in the commercial market- place, the fastest-growing segment of the UNIX market, and the portion where HP is working hardest to ensure success.

HP-UX Attains Office Software Nirvana With Complete Lotus Product Suite

Full Lotus Position

Users asked for it, says Vescuso. “We had a lot of customers come to us and say that it is important to them to know that these applications will be there.”

Lotus has a similar response when you ask them why they chose to port these applications to HP-UX first. Lotus ported to HP, “Because we are getting a lot of demand for HP,” says Lotus spokesman Bryan Simmons. “It is a matter of what is in demand and what is easiest to do next. We can’t do it all at once.” And HP may be “easier” for Lotus because of the work the two firms have been do- ing together. Work like the HP palmtop with Lotus 1-2-3 built-in. Lotus also gains access to a block of customers who are more likely to be spending money during this protracted recession than cus- tomers of other computer vendors.

But Lotus is not about to ignore other computer platforms. “We are gradually moving toward providing our suite of applications on all the key platforms,” says Simmons. “We have committed to delivering the full suite on UNIX, OS/2, and we continue to spread onto the Macintosh (with 1-2-3 most recently).” Ever-popular 1-2-3 is also available for Sun workstations, and the other Lotus products will be moved over to Sun, as well as to IBM systems.

For the moment, however, those of you using HP-UX get the first crack at these Lotus products outside the DOS en- vironment. First out early next year will be Ami Pro, the word processing prod- uct. The rest of the suite will appear over the course of a few months after the in- troduction of Ami Pro. ©

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NEWS G TREN DS

HP’s INTEREX Announcements Overshadowed By Hurricane Andrew

HP 3000 987 Blows Away AS/400; Portable NetWare Takes MPE/iX By Storm

ins ewlett-Packard planned to jazz up this year’s 18th annual INTEREX Users Con- ference in New Orleans with its usual show-stopping flurry of new PA-RISC systems, product line enhancements and statements of future di- rection. Unfortunately, this year, Hurricane Andrew stole the show.

As hundreds of conference attendees and exhibitors scrambled to flee the impend- ing storm, HP rolled out a new HP 3000, portable NetWare for MPE/iX, an SQL interface for TurboIM— AGE and more to somewhat soggy fanfare. The company also announced new plans for its venerable electronic-mes- saging system HP Desk, and a new integrated worldwide support program designed to service all HP customers.

A Fresh Blast

Although no match for Hur- ricane Andrew, HP hopes the latest blast of power from PA- RISC will enable the HP 3000 to blow the doors off IBM’s successful AS/400 line. A new system announced in New

Orleans, the HP 3000 Series 987, marks the first imple- mentation of the PA-RISC 7100 microprocessor — a superscalar version of the ar- chitecture that can process several instructions simulta- neously, eliminating the need for multiple processors at midrange performance levels.

The 987, which makes use of the compact, integrated packaging HP introduced last year with the “Nova” sys- tems, expands the growth path for users of the HP 3000 9x7 series by offering an ad- ditional high-end option. Of- ficial TPC-A benchmark tests for the 987 are not complete,

but HP estimates the new system will outperform the current high-end, the HP 3000 Series 977, by 30 per- cent. The Series 977 had been benchmarked at 111.1 trans- actions per second (tps) at a cost of $9,853 per tps, mak- ing it — until now — the fasted single-processor com- puter in the industry.

With the introduction of the Series 987, HP has clearly fixed its sights on IBM midrange accounts. Accord- ing to Pat Adamiak, product line manager for the HP 3000, the 987 provides performance levels comparable to the top of IBM’s AS/400 line at a much lower overall cost-of- ownership. “Three-year cost-

of-ownership for the AS/400

E90 (the model closest to the 987 in performance) is over one million dollars more than that of the 987.”

The Series 987, including CPU, memory, disk, tape backup, MPE/iX operating system, TurboIMAGE and ALLBASE/SQL databases, a console and a 100-user license is priced at only $320,000. (The AS/400 E90 is priced at over one million dollars.) The cost to upgrade to the Series 987 from the Series 977 is $85,000, and board upgrades from other 9x7 series systems are available for less than one- third the cost of a new sys- tem. Shipment of the Series 987 began in September.

Glenn Osaka, product marketing manager for HP’s Commercial Systems Divi- sion, claims that “‘in sales situ- ations where the HP 3000 competes with the AS/400, HP wins four out of five times.” According to Osaka, HP’s goal in the coming year is to position the HP 3000 ef- fectively as part of integrated, preconfigured, turn-key solu- tions.

“With the AS/400, IBM is perceived to be offering one- stop shopping for complete business systems. We can do

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the same, with better perfor- mance at a better price,” said Osaka. He noted, however, that at present IBM faces no competition whatsoever in 80 percent of its AS/400 sales.

NetWare Hits MPE/iX

As part of an unfolding strat- egy for Novell NetWare sup- port, HP also introduced NetWare/1X—high-perfor- mance portable netware for the HP 3000’s POSIX-com- pliant MPE/iX operating sys- tem. According to Rich Sevcik, general manager of the company’s new Systems and Servers Group, NetWare/iX enters the market as the in- dustry leader for NetWare server performance. Test re- sults using PC Magazine’s LAN Benchmark show that NetWare/iX running on an entry level HP 3000 917LX outperformed all tested PC- based NetWare servers, when supporting networks of 40 or more users.

“Our NetWare/iX perfor- mance results prove today that the HP 3000 provides the most powerful NetWare solu- tion on the market,” said Sevcik. “What we have here is the Ferrari of NetWare server performance.” .

Given the high cost of NetWare/ix, Sevcik’s Ferrari analogy may

however,

carry an unintended double meaning. NetWare/1X will be available in October at prices ranging from $5,900 to $31,000, depending on net- work size. With the added cost of an HP 3000—base price for the 917LX is $14,500—NetWare/iX would be one of the most expensive

NetWare solutions on the market — almost as costly as a Ferrari. Also, portable Net— Ware offers only file and print server functionality and does not support other features of NetWare 3.1, such as Net— ‘Ware Loadable Modules.

When asked about the price competitiveness of a NetWare/iX solution, Sevcik conceded that the product was most suitable for existing HP 3000 users who sought high-performance PC inte- gration. At present, he said, the company has no plans to position the HP 3000 and NetWare/1X as a competitor to low-cost PC NetWare servers.

Sevcik did, however, hold out the possibility that a low- cost PA-RISC-based native NetWare server, capable of delivering even higher levels of performance, would be available by late 1993. This new server, said Sevcik, which would be neither an HP 3000 or HP 9000, would compete head-on and in the same price range with PC

servers like the Compaq SystemPro.

TurbolIMAGE

Hangs Tough

Hurricane Andrew also ob- scured the most significant news for TurboIMAGE users since the stormy Boston con- ference of 1990. Despite in- clement weather outside, the outlook for TurboIMAGE users inside the convention center was pretty rosy.

In a technology break- through that evidently sty- mied other industry vendors, HP has managed to develop the first SQL write interface for a non-relational database. HP SQL for IMAGE now provides HP TurboIMAGE with a read/write SQL inter- face, which allows tools and applications that today sup- port only ALLBASE/SQL to support TurboIMAGE data- bases as well. Also, HP SQL for IMAGE, will enable tools and applications that make use of Microsoft’s ODBC cli- ent-server database interface to access TurboIMAGE.

HP SQL for IMAGE is scheduled for delivery in the first half of 1993; it will be packaged as a separate prod- uct with future releases of MPE/ix. Pricing information will be announced this No- vember.

HP also highlighted sev- eral TurboIMAGE enhance- ments introduced earlier this year with the release of MPE/iX 4.0. First among these was the long-awaited critical item update capability, which allows search and sort items in detail datasets to be directly updated, making changes easier and more effi- cient to perform. Other ma- jor enhancements included tighter integration between IMAGE and third-party in- dexing software, including DISC’s Omnidex and Brad— mark’s Superdex, and in- creased MPE/ix file size limits (from 2 GB to 4 GB).

The Message Is Open The future also looks clear for another HP 3000 standby, HP DeskManager. HP an- nounced what it’s calling the OpenDesk initiative which is designed to transform the venerable electronic messag- ing system into an “open, cli- ent-server, enterprisewide messaging backbone.”

According to Sevcik, the first goal of the OpenDesk initiative will be to imple- ment “a clients-of-choice strategy” that will allow users to access HP Desk from a va- riety of client front-ends, in- cluding Microsoft Windows, the Apple Macintosh, HP NewWave and Motif-based workstation systems.

Future objectives for the

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So when you're ready to pump up the power in your HP 9000 and HP 3000 midrange systems or your Series 700 PA-RISC workstations and X-terminals, call 1-800-DATARAM and ask for a quote on our expansion memory. You can have the boards in your hands within 24 hours.

Your HP equipment and Dataram memory — leading the pack in performance.

The Memory Specialists

CIRCLE 240 ON READER CARD

OpenDesk initiative include implementation of X.400 software, which would allow users of HP DeskManager to access any X.400-compliant E-mail system, and the adop- tion of other communications standards.

Emergency Service

As Andrew downed power lines, communications links and business systems through- out southern Louisiana, HP’s Roger Costa, general man- ager of the System Support Division, announced his plan to deliver more effective

The new program, du- bbed HP System Support, simplifies service choices and provides customers with per- sonalized support options. Encompassing hardware, soft- ware and network mainte- nance services, HP System Support allows customers to put together a single stream- lined service program rather than maintain multiple service contracts for many different systems.

According to Costa, the personalized support program will provide each customer with a “specified support

worldwide support.

16

For Your Information

@ WRQ announced a technology license agreement with HP that will allow WRQ to offer more functionality for HP 3000 computer system connectivity. (206) 324-0350.

@ PeopleSoft Inc. announced an agreement that provides ADP with rights to incorporate PeopleSoft HP/Payroll/ Benefits software into value-added ADP service and soft- ware offerings. (510) 946-9460.

m Lawson Software announced that its Lawson Account- ing System won International Computer Programs’ $50 Million Dollar Award. Lawson’s Fixed Assets package won a $10 Million Dollar Award. Lawson UNIVERSE Produc- tivity Products and UNIVERSE/CASE won $5 Million Dol- lar and $1 Million Dollar Awards, respectively. Lawson also opened a new sales office. For more information about its product line, contact Lawson Associates, 26911 Northwest- ern Hwy., Suite 300, Southfield, MI 48034; (313) 262-1471. m@ Workstation Source offers a new range of equipment from ISA of Japan, the ISA Model 1000 Series, that is de- signed to fill the gap of the discontinued HP-IB floppy drives and small Winchester disks. (0628) 75252.

m HP announced plans to make available emulation soft- ware that will let users of HP’s PA-RISC-based worksta- tions run Macintosh application software without modification.

m Cincom Systems announced a newly formed technology partnership with Independent Computer Consulting Ser- vices Inc (ICCS). ICCS is the new owner of the HP ver- sion of MCBA’s “CLASSIC” application software. (513) 662-2300.

team,” consisting of a local

field engineer and an HP Re- sponse Center engineer. To- gether these two will maintain a detailed under- standing of the customer’s business systems and mainte- nance plans in order to pro- vide a faster, more efficient response.

HP System Support will be made available to custom- ers as their current support contracts come up for re- newal over the next year. Prices are based on support needs.

The Grand Finale

Last but not least, HP rounded out the INTEREX news deluge with two printer announcements.

First, the production-ca- pacity HP 5000 F100, which was announced at last year’s INTEREX conference in San Diego and is now in full pro- duction shipment, was dem- onstrated at the HP booth. The 100 page per minute, 300 by 300 dots-per-inch printer supports the HP PCL printer control language (of HP LaserJet fame) and can pro- duce up to 2.8 million letter- quality pages per month. Cost is $175,000. Second, HP also introduced a low-cost HP 2300-840L line printer capable of printing 840 lines per minute. Price for the HP 2300 840L is $12,340. — Don Marks, Managing Editor

Computer Technology

Aids

Pharmaceutical Research

HP And Molecular Systems Combine Efforts In Computer-Aided Molecular Design

I" an effort to expand its in- volvement in advanced computer-aided molecular design (CAMD) systems, HP has joined with Molecular Design Simulations (MSI) to develop business opportuni- ties in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries.

MSI has agreed to port its suite of software applications to HP’s PA-RISC-based 700 Series workstation family to provide scientists with new open-system solutions for 3- D molecular modeling and visualization.

MSI products include:

m AVS ChemistryViewer, a 3- D visualization environment that allows researchers to dis-

play and manipulate the re- sults of quantum chemistry programs. m@ CERIUS, a family of prod- ucts for research and develop- ment of new materials such as polymers, zeolites, catalysts, ceramics and metal alloys. @ POLARIS, modeling soft- ware for working with simu- lated molecules in solutions. @ QUANTA 3.3, an integrated program with over 12 mod- ules for molecular graphics, construction and simulation of small and large protein and polynomer molecule systems. Scientists in fields such as protein chemistry, molecular biology, drug design and new material research will benefit.

HP PROFESSIONAL

WHATEVER STEPS YOU TAKE, ONLY ONE 4GL GUARANTEES TOTAL FLEXIBILITY,

FOCUS FROM INFORMATION BUILDERS: The 4GL That Gives You The Options

To Work With Any Database. Whatever your preference is, we have the solution. IS YOUR DATA FUTURE PROOF? It's FOCUS from to Builders. The leading Right now almost 90% of your applications use specialists in distributed information systems. FOCUS TurboIMAGE database. But, as you move towards offers application development and decision’ support relational or object databases, how will you integrate _ tools for integrating databases from HP, third parties this new technology with your existing data? such as Oracle, and in the future HP’s OpenODB. No other 4GL product comes with this breadth of WHERE TECHNOLOGY I$ GOING, functionality, bundled with an automatic database WE'RE ALREADY THERE conversion tool! Relax. Because now there’s a new solution that lets you develop with the database of your choice. You ACCESS ALL OF YOUR DATA can develop new or maintain existing TurboIMAGE FOCUS is the platform independent application

databases and join TurboIMAGE with ALLBASE/SQL development tool that gives you an unmatched ability and KSAM. Or, convert TurboIMAGE, KSAM or even _to create, control and integrate critical information

flat files to ALLBASE/SQL. systems within your enterprise.

All names and products mentioned are the trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. FOCUS is a registered trademark of Information Builders, Inc. 1250 Broadway, New York, NY 10001.

And because FOCUS provides you with complete application portability and access to over 50 data structures across 35 operating systems, you can port any application to the HP and still have access to your legacy data.

So for guaranteed database flexibility the next step is easy. Call Information Builders, an HP Premiere Solutions Provider, for more information on FOCUS or to attend a FREE Seminar...

Call 800-969-INFO In Canada call 1-416-364-2760

FOCUS

rmation Builders, Inc. CIRCLE 247 ON READER CARD

SF DiUC.T: WAT CH

Network Etiquette

Quest Printer Gateway

Quest Software

Shows That Your Network’s Social Code No Longer

Stands On Protocol

In today’s economy, your personnel and equipment re- sources are valuable assets you can’t afford to waste. Transferring files to a dedi- cated printer used by only a few nodes on your network is hardly efficient. And the last thing you need to hear is that you need six new print- ers to accommodate various network platforms.

NBSpool from Quest Software Inc. offers bidirec- tional gateway capability that efficiently employs your net- work resources by permitting any HP 3000, HP 9000 or any UNIX system to share print- ers attached to a Novell Netware or LAN Manager PC network, or an IBM host.

The gateway, which doesn’t require NetWare or LAN Manager software run- ning on the host, converts TCP/IP to the protocol used by the PC LAN, allowing you transparent access to any printer queue on the net- work.

Through MPE-like com- mands you can alter, archive, banner, copy, duplicate, merge, move, purge, store, show or view subsets of out- put spool files. In addition, you can alter, copy, merge, show, stream and view input jobs.

The PC configuration in- cludes a PC with a ThinLAN or StarLAN card. The soft- ware required for a NetWare gateway includes HP’s NS 2.1 for NetWare or LAN Work— Place’ for..DOS, -Quest’s NBSpool’s Printer Gateway software and MS-DOS. An HP 3000 host, for example, requires HP ThinLAN XL or V, Network Links and NBSpool software.

NBSpool’s bidirectional function lets you print from a NetWare PC to a host sys- tem printer through the gate- way PC. You only manage one PC, which is convenient and economical during client system upgrades. Using one PC as the gateway eliminates the need to run captures on every PC on the network.

Quest’s customers have found NBSpool quite flexible thus far.

Paul Smith, network ser- vices manager for Trimble Navigation, a manufacturer of Global Positioning Satel- lite (GPS) transmitters and re- ceivers, explains that Trimble needed an economical way to access to more than 100 printers worldwide. The company considered direct leased lines to each of its sites; including Texas, New Zealand and the UK; but this meant installing a DTC in

each location to handle only two or three printers; as well as purchasing the appropriate printers.

“We wanted to use our existing Infolan connection to access the UK and Texas,” says Smith. “And Quest’s NBSpool let us do that, with- out leasing new lines or buy- ing DTCs and printers.”

Smith says that Quest’s NBSpool gateway allows them to print directly to printers that produce custom reports, rather than bar paper.

Smith maintains, “NBSpool does the job. I can do a real— time Quiz report and print the document to any local printer.” Trimble currently prints to 55 devices via NBSpool on a regular basis.

Pricing for NBSpool Printer Gateway software ranges from $3,500 for Micro 3000/917LX to $5,500 for Se- ries 68/70/932/935/947/ 947LX, up to $8,000 for the Series 980/300, with annual support from $560 to $1,280.

According to Smith, Trimble management be- lieves that making reports readily available has greatly enhanced their value. “The reports are no longer data, they are information.” — Charlie Simpson, Technical Editor

Quest Software 610 Newport Center Dr. Suite 890

Newport Beach, CA 92660 Tel: (714) 720-1434 Fax: (714) 720-0426

CIRCLE 303 ON READER CARD

Now, you have easy access to unlimited storage options. Bering — the preferred name in peripherals for Hewlett-Packard computer users — provides a complete line of tape drives, removable cartridge drives, fixed hard drives and combination subsystems. You can count on Bering for compatibility, reliability, convenience and service.

Our newest feature, standard on many of our models, allows conversion from HP:IB to SCSI interface with the simple push of a button. Migration to the latest SCS-based computer systems is easy and economical. Bering’s unique builtin dual interface switch allows the same drive to integrate with either interface.

That’s extra value, and yet another good reason to buy Bering.

Convert between SCSI and HP-IB interfaces with the simple push of a button.

Amm DAT/DDS Technology

ECHO Series

High Performance, High Capacity .

26B DDS Tape Cartridge Backup Reta iol

Subsystem. Fast, efficient and cost agneto-Uptica

effective. HP DDS compatible. SCSI and/o. Technology OPTIPAC Series Up to 128MB on 3.5-inch, or 650MB to 1GB with 5.25-inch

cartridges. Rewritable, Removable Magnet combination with a fixed hard drive up to 500MB. SCSI and/or HP-IB. Multifunction model also available.

ECHO Series

igh Performance, High Capacity

ape Backup Subsystem. Up to

GB on an inexpensive cartridge. (SI and/or HP-IB interface.

ernoulli® Technology ULTIPAC Series

ingle or Dual, 44MB or 90MB Removable rtridge Drive models. Available in combin- tion with fixed hard drive. HP-IB interface. OMB model with SCSI and/or HP-IB.

Winchester

Technology

ECONOPAC II, sone Series A Fhigel

High performance 80MB to 1.7GB = wewiglvena <1 fixed hard drives for basic storage _——- MEGAPAC needs. HP-IB and/or SCSI interface. HP-IB drives are available with ais ~_ Series

2.0MB FDD. Designed and tested to replace the discontinued HP9153C

hard disk and floppy disk drives. Single or Dual, 44MB or BOMB

Removable Cartridge Drives. Available in combination with fixed hard drive. SCSI and/or HP-IB in

: ™ Bering Industries, Inc.

246 East Hacienda Avenue

pega gr) oe ps tealel selyaag g 800 237-4641 408 379-6900 |... _._.__—ds«_é«ai‘yR.COsCCCiai‘C(i<‘HC.U.._UizsUziCUjNC

Other product names are trademarks of their respective owners fax 408 374-8309

CIRCLE 105 ON READER CARD

20

Clients

Servers

WD DUG WATCH

Database

Netron/CAP Lets You Reduce, Reuse and Recycle Your Enterprise's Critical

Application Code

As in many companies across the country, we’ve become recycle-conscious at HP Pro- fessional. We’re constantly separating, saving and recy- cling, doing our share for the environment.

For us, recycling applica- tions means that hardcopy of old code gets thrown in the recycling containers. Netron/ CAP, however, has some- thing different in mind.

Recycling code to the folks at Netron means that useful portions of your appli- cations get used over and over, allowing you to main- tain application consistency and quality, while saving valuable development time.

Netron/CAP contains a core toolset and a frame li- brary. This combination pro- vides for Rapid Application Development, Detailed Specification Design and au- tomated COBOL code gen- eration.

The toolset includes these components:

Environmentally-Conscious Computing

CAPdesigner. Complete design specifications can be created with CAPdesigner. Later, COBOL code can be generated from your finished designs. Application specs are built by asking the developer simple questions. Program- mers don’t write one line of source code.

Portions of applications can be saved as Design Tem- plates and used later. Design Templates of the most com- mon applications can be saved in a library. Templates then can be retrieved and customized for new applica- tions saving programming time and effort.

CAPscreen and CAPre- port. Data entry screens and reports can be designed and specified with CAPscreen and CAPreport. In addition to field layout, items such as field attributes, function key handling, validations, error handling and context sensi- tive help can be included.

CAPprocessor. Complete COBOL code is generated from design specifications and from your collection of reusable library routines. Any changes you make are done in CAP designer, so that a programmer never touches a line of COBOL.

Netron/CAP also provides the Program Design Specifi- cation. This component pro- vides a program construction blueprint, allowing a devel- oper to see how an applica- tion was built, along with any customizations made.

CAPwindow for Motif is an optional component avail- able through purchase of

Netron/Client, an extension of Netron/CAP. CAPwin-— dow allows the development of Motif GUIs. Motif exper- tise is not required to build complex user interfaces. CO- BOL code to handle the Mo- tif widgets is automatically generated. Programmers only need to concentrate on the code that will comprise the application’s business logic.

With all the existing CO- BOL code in the world, ap- plication developers will appreciate not having to learn C or some proprietary 4GL. Netron/CAP lets you inte- grate new development into existing applications.

Netron/CAP lets you de- velop applications on several platforms including HP-UX and prepare them for deploy- ment on many foreign host systems including VAX/VMS, MS-DOS, Windows, OS/2, OS/400 and the various IBM mainframe operating systems. Several databases are sup- ported, including Oracle, Ingres and DB2.

Netron/CAP is available on HP Apollo 9000 Series 700 workstations running HP-UX version 8.07 and the CO- BOL/HP-UX Developer Re- vision B.06.25. Netron/ Client, needed to develop Motif GUIs, requires Motif Version 1.0 and Netron/ CAP. — David B. Miller, Sr. Technical Editor.

Netron 99 St. Regis Crescent North

Toronto, Ontario M3) 1Y9 (416)636-4847 (416)636-8333 FAX

CIRCLE 304 ON READER CARD

60-day free trial.

HP GlancePlus. Your watchdog for performance problems.

Without performance tools, even the best managed systems are subject to overload. That’s why we're offering HP GlancePlus free for 60 days. So you can see for yourself how easily you can solve problems or avoid them altogether.

HP GlancePlus diagnostic soft- ware is one of Hewlett-Packard’s family of performance products and services. In its role as watch- dog on your HP MPE or HP-UX system, it gives you early warnings of problems.

You see in graphic detail exactly

where work loads are building up to the point where your whole system will start slowing down.

Call us now at 1-800-237-3990 to see if you qualify for a free trial* In Europe, fax your mail- ing address to +33 76 62 16 67. And let HP GlancePlus watch over things.

G HEWLETT

PACKARD

CIRCLE 199 ON READER CARD

RATE GIC.DALREC T-] O.N-S

Seattle’s Effective Frogs

WRQ’s Successful Leap Into Terminal

Emulation May Be A Springboard

To Success In Client-Server Computing

“We are strongest in heterogeneous networks of HP, DEC and IBM computers, with end-user environments for DOS, Macintosh and Windows systems.”

George Hubman

President Of Sales And Marketing

Walker, Richer & Quinn, Inc.

Effective business manage- ment is rather like being a good frog. Success requires patient, careful observation and well-timed, vigorous action.

George Hubman, presi- dent of sales and marketing for Walker Richer & Quinn, Inc. (Seattle, WA), never mentioned effective frog techniques to me. I just sense that he and others at WRQ understand them.

Why else would four fel- lows have known the right time to launch their own contract programming firm for HP 3000 systems?

How else would they have known to market the one-of-a-kind terminal emu- lator they wrote for a client’s billing system, resulting in the market-leading Reflec- tion series of emulator prod- ucts for HP, DEC, IBM and UNIX hosts?

How else would they have known to sit quietly while other companies over- extended themselves in the intoxicating 1980s?

Talking about the success of Reflection 1 in 1985, Hubman laughs, “I think it

surprised everybody. There was nothing out there like it. IBM came out with the PC as a defensive measure to keep Apple from taking too much business, and IBM did not expect the PC to be success- ful in the corporate market.”

When IBM’s estimate turned out to be gloriously inaccurate, and PCs needed links to host computers, WRQ had the product. “We had the market to ourselves. We focussed rightly on the manager of the HP 3000 and viewed Reflection as an HP 3000 product, not a PC prod- uct, and it captured the lion’s share of that market.”

The market was and is medium and large company users Communicating with large host systems from HP, DEC, IBM and UNIX systems generally. “We are not chas- ing the guy who wants to dial into Compuserve from home, although you can do that, too,” says Hubman. “We are strongest in hetero- geneous networks of HP, DEC and IBM computers, with end-user environments for DOS, Macintosh and Windows systems.”

In the near future, Hubman says WRQ will add: @ 3270 emulation, to enter a market that has attracted quite a bit of attention, and sales.

m@ X-windows server, to get in on the early stages of a market Hubman says will be “astronomical” in size.

m@ Transportable computer products, with an entry to al- low HP 95LX systems to communicate with host

computers from remote loca- tions to check on E-mail and manage scheduling, appoint- ments and use: Reflection.

Part of the reason why WRQ works well is an infor- mal organization and high productivity. “We tend to hire six months after we need a person instead of six months before, unlike some of our competitors,” he teases. And while at times that may create some stress among employees, says Hubman, “I go down the hall telling people, ‘Hey, chill out. This is terminal emula- tion, not a cancer cure!’”

Challenges face WRQ during the remainder of the 90s. Hubman freely admits that people have been fore- telling the demise of termi- nal emulation for several years. And although the company stubbornly persists in growing at a steady 30 per- cent, he knows the world is moving toward client-server systems. Look for WRQ to make moves into that mar- ket. Like the effective frog that it is, WRQ will wait for the right fly to come by — and then take it. —Bill Sharp, Technical Editor

Walker, Richer & Quinn 2815 Eastlake Ave., E.

Seattle, WA 98102

(206) 324-0350

CIRCLE 330 ON READER CARD

Allofthem.

After all, we're HP experts. For more than 16 years, we ve been designing our World Class Series Accounting, Payroll and Human Resource systems to support all of HP's commercial platforms.

If your company is using more than one opera- ting system, that should be especially good news.

We cut our teeth on Classic. Then introduced the first accounting and human resource package for HP's RISC-based architecture in native mode under

HP-UX and MPE/iX operating systems, and avail-

able on client /, server architecture.

= That means you can begin enjoying the advan- tages of open computing today. Not tomorrow. There are other advantages, too. Forinstance , we give you the ability to use powerful user interfaces like Microsoft Windows and OSF/Motif. And your employees will only need to learn our applications

once.

So, if you're looking fora total accounting,

| T, payroll and human resource solution for your com- } a NJ / pany, talk to the vendor that understands your HP hardware. Inside and out. To find out more about Collier-Jackson’s World S a RV be e Class Series software, call 813-872-9990 today. CompuServe

Collie-Jackson

CIRCLE 111 ON READER CARD

World Class Series is a trademark of CompuServe/ Collier-Jackson. other product names mentioned herein are tor identification purposes only and may be trademarks and/or registered trademarks

of their respective companies.

IMPORTANT ANNOUNCEMENT!!! On an incredible offer

you can't afford to pass Up...

SUPERDEX is a trademark product of Bradmark Technologies, Inc. for the SI-IMAGE package developed and implemented by Dr. Wolfgang Matt/IABG.

“The NUMBER 1 requested enhancement to IMAGE for the last 10 years has been

Generic and Partial key lookup.”

Now BRADMARK gives you this capability... FREE!!!*

Some HP3000 users thought that IMAGE 4.0 would jive them GENERIC and PARTIAL key lookup >apability. Whatis providedis the HP INTERFACE to yur SUPERDEX indexing tool. This INTERFACE jives you Partial, Generic, Keyword and Relational access to IMAGE through SUPERDEX.

since so many of you requested GENERIC and °ARTIAL key lookup, Bradmark is providing this level 1f SUPERDEX to ALL HP3000 sites at NO COST! ‘hat's right... and since SUPERDEX uses the same NTRINSICS as IMAGE we can even extend this offer othe CLASSIC sites as well. This capability will allow ?ARTIAL lookup i.e. HEW@ with standard IMAGE itrinsic calls (DBFIND, DBGET).

It also will allow multiple keys on MASTER data sets. Imagine, without changing your existing code, you can increase your database retrieval speeds instantly.

To obtain your FREE copy of SUPERDExX level 1, fill out the coupon below and FAX or MAIL today.

Our SPECIAL fax number:

In the U.S.— 1-800-925-1675

In Europe (+44) 905-795531 (UK) or (+49) 896-088-2091(GER) For more on this incredible offer... call 1-800-ASK-BRAD (U.S.) or (713) 621-2808

(+44) 905-795444 (UK) or (+49) 896-088-2074 (GER). *A processing fee of $135.00 per CPU includes one users manual, tape media plus shipping & handling.

COMPANY:

To mail: Fill out & send to Bradmark Technologies, 4265 San Felipe, #800, Houston, TX 77027

=

CONTACT:

Annuaf Maint.

ice CITY:

STATE: ZIP:

PHONE: ( )

P.O.#:

VISA, M/C, AMEX#: | Expiration Date:

| Signature:

(circle one):

NO.....1 DO NOT WANT MAINTENANCE

CREDIT CARD PAYMENT: (Circle one)

YES...1 WANT MAINTENANCE ON CPU's @

_ Please allow 6 -8 weeks for delivery.

MEDIA SPECIFICATIONS: (Circle one) Model # of CPU (s) 9-TRACK CART

DAT SUSAN#:

Sample Multiple Copies $300.00 $ $135.00

| a

*Processing Fee Addn'l Manuals

CIRCLE 184 ON READER CARD

wit

DISTRIBUTE

Old-Guard Proprietary

OLTP Solutions Just Don’t Understand Today’s Decentralized Enterprise,

But Can You Really Trust here’s nothing new about on-line transaction processing

(OLTP). It’s the computing lifeblood of most companies,

i te: ae and the basic technology has been around for almost 20 years.

UNIX With Your Mission-Cr itical What’s new is the spin that the move to client-server architec-

tures and distributed computing has put on it. Previously domi-

B . nated by a small handful of proprietary, mainframe-based

Tr ansaction Processing? approaches, OLTP now is making a predictable shift toward open, networked platforms.

Is UNIX the coming platform of choice for OLTP? For years,

GORDON McLACHLAN | UNIX has fought off the stigma of uncertain parentage, secu-

rity problems and quirkiness. Nonetheless, improvements to the

breed have improved UNIX security, performance and usabil-

ity. This, coupled with the unarguable price/performance edge

enjoyed by UNIX systems over the proprietary big iron, has

eliminated most of the aesthetic questions. With its scalability

26 HP PROFESSIONAL

R/3. For the

open-minded enterprise.

SAP has engineered the integrated software, the data models and tools — and the client/server strategy — to deliver

the results you need. Find out more.

Call 1 (800) USA-1SAP.

Imagine software so well-engineered that it runs across organizational, technological, and geographi- cal boundaries. Consider the flexibility of multi-level client/server and the functionality of true applications integration. Think of the freedom that a complete set of tools for custom applications development brings to your enterprise. Or the strategic value of an infor- mation model built with proven international business ® expertise and innovative software Savvy.

SS i

Think enterprise applications from SAP.

R/3 is the only integrated, enterprise- wide solution for client/server. . . and more. ¥ Engineered to streamline business processes and improve quality, customer service, and profitability, R/3 effortlessly manages your manufacturing, financial, sales and distribution, and human resources functions regardless of geographical, organizational or techno- logical boundaries. R/3. Consider the implications.

Imagine the results.

Integrated software. Worldwide.”

SAP * Amsterdam « Atlanta * Brussels « Budapest ¢ Chicago * Copenhagen » Heidelberg Hong Kong ¢ London ¢ Madrid ¢ Milan ¢ Paris ¢ Philadelphia ¢ San Francisco Singapore ¢ Stockholm ¢ Sydney « Toronto ¢ Vienna ¢ Zurich

CIRCLE 284 ON READER CARD

mek ele RF RES E

COMPUTING

<tc asa ttoansncgssonasononc pana edaoestoniojeoterieaiéssentactaiaeng oopoe scene SeponetsostaSScoatenatonskSeaN Sst

The Distributed Transaction Processing Reference Model doesn’t do justice to the complexity of either the architecture or the implementation of distributed OLTP.

and networkability, HP-UX is in an excellent position to capi- talize on the downsizing trend.

Figure 1 shows the simplified model used by the X/Open consortium to describe its Distributed Transaction Processing Reference Model.

At the application level, application programming interfaces (APIs) are provided to supply the syntax and semantics for pro- grammers to group database operations into transactions. This is the need for atomicity and is fundamental to the whole con- cept of OLTP. Client-server function shipping — the division of labor between the client and server pieces of the application — is also found at this layer.

Transaction processing requests are communicated to a Transaction Manager (TM) using a standard Application-to- Transaction Manager protocol. The TM — sometimes called a transaction processing monitor — acts as an intermediary be- tween applications and the data they are trying to access. In this role, the TM translates application requests into a form that the data resource manager can understand, sequences concur- rent application requests, and coordinates the distributed two- phase commit process.

Figure 1: X/Open’s simplified model of a distributed OLTP architecture.

At their simplest, resource managers are nothing more than the database managers and record file systems you would ex- pect to find. The TM works with these through another stan- dard protocol, known as XA, to coordinate database activities, or may provide proprietary hooks to its own, or other, DBMSs.

In theory, components within any of the three tiers of the model should be interchangeable and interoperable. Accord- ingly, applications could be either client-server or host-based, and able to talk to different vendor’s monitors using APTM. In turn, all those monitors should be able to work with different Resource Managers over XA, and any application should be able to work with any relational database using structured query lan- guage. Fat chance.

The Standard Mudslinging

IMPLE AND AESTHETICALLY PLEASING, this model

just doesn’t do justice to the complexity of either the ar-

chitecture or the implementation of distributed OLTP. Although an OLTP system that looks something like the model could be created, practical considerations make that goal little more than wishful thinking. One look at the architectural dia- grams provided by vendors of OLTP systems shows they have only superficial similarities to the X/Open model.

Starting at the bottom of the pile, things don’t look too bad. The XA specification is in pretty good shape, and RDBMS ven- dors Informix, Ingres, Oracle and Sybase have all trotted out XA-compatible databases. Assuming that these recently an- nounced products will operate as advertised, we can at least rest easy knowing that we can enjoy some degree of database interoperability.

Moving upstream, problems start to become more apparent. One flaw in the model, if you want to call it that, is X/Open’s implicit assumption that there is a standard network (ISO/OSI) gluing this model together. The lack of explicit standards for a remote procedure call (RPC) mechanism, distributed naming service, security mechanisms and the countless other minutiae needed to get dissimilar machines to communicate reliably is a real obstacle.

Another problem is the lack of a fleshed-out APTM proto- col. In OLTP implementations to date, this lack has caused the Application and Transaction Manager layers to be fused into proprietary blobs. Without APTM, Transaction monitors are neither interchangeable nor interoperable. Applications, imple- mented on proprietary application-to-monitor protocols can’t use different monitors, and monitors don’t know how to deal with each other as peers.

Last, but not least, is the issue of what to do with our “legacy” systems, which basically means all those IBM main- frames and their CICS-based applications that won’t die. Rather than make its offerings XA-compliant, IBM is busily working on making its own LU6.2/Advanced Peer-to-Peer Communi-

28

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Economics aside, before it can earn its OLTP stripes, HP-UX< still has to pass the acid test, which in this case is actually the ACID test. Any OLTP system worthy of the name has to exhibit the four ACID properties:

m= Atomicity — Related database operations are grouped into transactions. All of the operations within a transaction must complete successfully, or the entire transaction is rolled back as though nothing had ever happened. This ensures that related operations — like debiting a savings account and crediting a checking account in a funds transfer — are both successfully posted before the transaction is marked complete, or committed.

This process is known as two-phase commit, a favorite OLTP

buzzword.

a Consistency — Application programs have to be constrained so that they can’t mess up the database or each other. Any program accessing the database should be assured of getting data that is accurate and up-to-date.

m Isolation — An OLTP system has to properly sequence concurrent database updates and then process them serially so that the transactions don’t step on each other.

a Durability — Once a transaction is finalized, it should stay that way. System crashes and program failures shouldn’t screw up a transaction once it has been posted and committed, nor should the OLTP system’s logging and rollback mechanism affect a committed transaction. —

cations protocol and Common Programming Interface - Com- munications (CPI-C) API into ISO and X/Open standards.

The upshot is that OLTP systems have to shoehorn the LU6.2 protocol and SNA into their architectures if they want to interoperate with IBM’s big hummers. At the very least, ven- dors have to support the CPI-C API. CPI-C itself can be fairly easily implemented atop another RPC system and communi- cations stack, but getting transaction monitors to work effec- tively with CICS is another story.

A Three-Way Race

we'll be seeing a standard OLTP platform. That said, let’s look at some of the UNIX-based contenders to see what kind of compromises we have to make.

AT&T’s Tuxedo is presently the predominant UNIX OLTP system on the market. Tuxedo is available in versions for the following platforms:

AT&T Star Server, NCR 3000, IBM RS/6000 AIX, Sun SPARC SunOS, DG Aviion, DECSystem 5000/5100/5500 ULTRIX, HP 9000/800 HP-UX, Pyramid UNIX SVR4, Unisys U Series, Unix System V and Sequent Dynix.

With its adherence to the XA standard, Tuxedo can work

| N THE SHORT RUN, at least, there isn’t much chance that

with any XA-compliant database. On the downside, Tuxedo does not support two-phase commit under LU6.2, limiting its usefulness with CICS.

Tuxedo supports DOS and OS/2 clients using AT&T’s pro- prietary APIs and CPI-C. AT&T has pledged future support for UNIX and Windows workstations.

Although Tuxedo ostensibly enjoys a two-year head-start on the market, its future is somewhat obscure. Notably, the merger of AT&T and NCR resulted in NCR’s Top End be- coming the joined companies’ strategic transaction manager. Evidently, AT&T was impressed with Top End’s performance.

Tuxedo is also based on UNIX International’s Atlas com- munications architecture, instead of the Open Software Foundations’s Distributed Computing Environment (DCE). The latter wasn’t much of a problem until X/Open backed DCE as its communications architecture in August of this year. Now, the lack of strategic commitment by AT&T coupled with the need to make Tuxedo DCE-compliant to meet X/Open specs could put a bullet in Tuxedo’s skull. Other nascent standards have expired from less trauma.

Top End is also a question. Until recently, it was available only for the NCR 3000. But in May systems integrator and OLTP consulting services provider, Independence Technolo- gies, Inc., announced that it would port Top End to several other UNIX platforms including HP-UX. According to Jeff Stern, vice president of marketing at Independence, interest in Top End has been strong since the announcement, particularly among customers that have a mix of NCR and HP systems.

“Customers who have NCR 3000 installations obviously have an interest in Top End, but also new customers who want to take advantage of the networking capabilities available in Sys-

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tem V Release 4,” says Stern. HP-UX, which is based on the Berkeley Systems Distribution kernel (BSD), hasn’t integrated all of the communications mechanisms included in SVR4. But Independence also did the port of Tuxedo for HP platforms and plans to offer Transarc Encina when it becomes available.

Earlier this year, Transarc, the OSF member responsible for the Andrew File System and reference ports of the DCE for IBM AIX and SunOS, announced Encina, its own DCE-based OLTP system. HP has officially endorsed Transarc’s Encina as its preferred distributed OLTP solution for both the HP-UX and MPE/iX platforms. HP 3000 users, however, were advised to stick with MPE’s internal transaction monitoring capabilities in situations where open systems are not de riguer.

Encina client support is limited to workstations running DCE, which effectively blocks the use of personal computers as work- stations until someone is clever enough to kludge a solution. This could pose interesting problems for HP 3000 users, over 65 percent of which use PC front-ends.

Forty-nine percent owned by IBM, Transarc is unique in providing full LU6.2 Sync-point 2-phase commit capability. So far, HP, IBM and Stratus have climbed on the Encina band- wagon, and Transarc has announced reference implementations of Encina for HP 9000s, Sun SPARC and IBM RS/6000 systems,

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but commercial versions aren’t going to be available until some- time in 1993.

None Of The Above?

O HERE WE SIT with three OLTP systems: one that may

be headed for oblivion, one that’s tied directly to a pro-

prietary vendor solution and one that’s still vaporware. It’s enough to make you want to skip the whole deal.

If you need to handle distributed databases, but don’t need the distributed two-phase commit capability, you may be able to live without a transaction monitor. With suitable network- ing add-ons, one of the multiplatform RDBMSs may be able to handle your problem.

Oracle even claims that its Oracle 7 RDBMS has a hetero- geneous two-phase commit capability, and can update Oracle and non-Oracle databases simultaneously without the use of an external transaction monitor. At this writing, Oracle didn’t have a shipping product, but it was due real soon. We'll see.

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Financial Meoves

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While Keeping Tabs On Client-Server Computing, Financial Software Vendors Take

Open Systems And Ease-Of-Use Into Account

I inancial software, one of the most traditional applications available to computer users, has managed to maintain its basic functionality while changing with the technological times. The basic financial modules such as general ledger, accounts pay- able, accounts receivable, fixed assets and payroll haven’t changed much, but many vendors in this market are promis- ing to deliver to their users a new generation of products de- signed for client-server computing architectures.

“From the users’ side, we’re not seeing a high demand for a client-server product just yet, but if within the year vendors don’t offer this type of alternative, they could be eliminated from further opportunity in the market,” says J. Charles Bolinger, vice president of sales at MCBA Inc. (Glendale, CA).

According to Vince Gritsch, value-added business manager

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with HP’s Commercial Systems Division, client-server comput- ing is a strong trend taking place in the financial software mar- ketplace. He notes several vendors in the HP arena who are currently overhauling and will soon offer new versions of their products to accommodate client-server environments.

Vendors include: Computer Associates International Inc. (Garden City, NY); Collier-Jackson (Tampa, FL); Cyborg Sys- tems Inc. (Chicago, IL); Dun & Bradstreet Software (Atlanta, GA); Lawson Associates Inc. (Minneapolis, MN); PeopleSoft Inc. (Walnut Creek, CA); Ross Systems Inc. (Redwood City, CA), SAP America (Lester, PA), Smith, Dennis And Gaylord (Santa Clara, CA), Speedware Corp. (Mississauga, Ontario).

Further, notes Gritsch, vendors are focusing their attention on HP’s 9000 platform as well as the 3000. “Most software is

Do you find that your Windows screen is too cluttered to find the window you are looking for? The tremendous upsurge in client- server applications using PC front-ends has people doing more windowing and multitasking than ever — there’s barely room on the monitor for all those icons. Even if you use a Super VGA with 1024 pixels across the screen, accessing business servers and running your standard PC applications can make managing your desktop a little overwhelming.

If this sounds like a problem you have, then HP’s newest personal computer software, Dashboard for Windows, might be what you need. Dashboard, introduced just this month, features a number of handy utilities including multiple full-screen “views” of your applications. Dashboard also includes push-button launching of your favorite applications; a clock with alarms and a “snooze bar”; push button access to select which printer you want; and a system resource “gas gauge,” which warns you when your resources are low and lets you see which applications are using those resources.

The multiple screen views let you run a number of programs, each maximized, in three, five, or seven different “pages.” Dashboard, even as an icon, is visible in each view, and you can switch views with the click of the mouse. Even when it is minimized as an icon, Dashboard lets you switch from view to view depending on which section of the icon you click.

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portable and available on both platforms where previously pack- ages might have been available on the HP 3000 only,” he says.

And, whereas in the past many vendors in the financial soft- ware marketplace focused their applications on a single propri- etary platform, for example, IBM Corp. or Digital Equipment Corp., there has been a shift in the marketplace to open sys- tems and some established vendors have taken note.

Companies such as Dun & Bradstreet, Lawson, Oracle Corp. (Redwood Shores, CA) and Ross HP, significant players in the financial software market have ported their products to the HP-UX platform over the past few years.

Traditionally a vendor of IBM solutions, Lawson began to offer open systems solutions about two years ago. “Changes in the marketplace required that open systems become part of our

You can define buttons to launch your favorite applications, and still have access to your Program Manager groups. When you want to change printers, you don’t need Windows Control Panel: simply click on the printer you want to use on the Dashboard panel.

The clock isn’t just another pretty face on your desktop, either. Dashboard’s clock lets you define alarms and either run an appli- cation or beep you when the alarm sounds. It features a ‘snooze bar’ like the one you probably use at home every morning: it lets you acknowledge the alarm and go back to work for a while before the alarm will signal again.

For people who use several large programs, the Resource Gauge can bea great tool. Its analog display and digital ‘odometer’ show how much memory you have left, and you can set alarms to signal you when you are running low.

You can also save layouts with Dashboard, so that the programs you want are opened in the appropriate screens automatically. This can be helpful when more than one person shares a PC, since each person can store their own Dashboard layout.

Dashboard is completely independent of New Wave or other HP software. It runs on Windows 3.0 or 3.1 and features a suggested list price of $99, although the street price will probably be much lower. It should be in your favorite computer store now. — Miles B. Kehoe, PC/UNIX Editor

HP’s Dashboard for Windows offers a variety of desktop controls useful to PC users in client-server environments.

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Vendors are facing three trends in the financial

software market: globalization, rightsizing, and the shift

toward client-server computing.

business strategy,” says Ann Claridge, director of marketing for cross industry products. “Organizations are becoming more glo- bal, people are looking to protect their investments and are seek- ing a more cost effective solution,” she notes.

Eric Treatt, director of program services at Wesson, Taylor, Wells, a software consultancy based in Columbia, SC, reports that many businesses are wrestling with several issues that are driving the need for open systems computing.

He points out that not only has it become more important for companies to incorporate other types of information into financial applications but companies are striving for enterprise- wide data sharing as well.

Client-server computing, Treatt notes, takes on a different spin depending on who is doing the talking. “From our per- spective, openness does not mandate the employment of UNIX, however, the commercial direction seems to be moving that way,” he says.

What client-server computing does imply, however, is com- pliance with the international Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model, and the POSIX standard for interoperability. Stan- dards like these enable software portability, the scalability of open architectures, the seamless availability of information.

However, Treatt notes that today, true client-server com- puting is elusive because of a lack of universal concurrence on standards. For example, OSI has not been widely adopted in the U.S., and although basic connectivity services are provided by a de facto standard, TCP/IP, the application layer is still up for grabs.

Process With Caution

66 SERS SHOULD PERCEIVE client-server claims with caution,” he says. Treatt suggests that users see what standards vendors are adhering to and

what the vendors understanding of openness is and then look

at their own computing environment and see how a particular application fits in.

HP’s Gnitsch reports that today client-server applications of- fer anything from simply providing a graphical user interface (GUI) to more robust functionality, such as being able to run parts of the application on the client or the server.

More than 24 vendors, including HP, offer financial software packages for HP’s 3000 and/or 9000 line of computers.

Introduced in 1990, HP’s Financial Management software tar- gets HP 3000 users in the manufacturing market, according to Debora Sobottka, product manager. The product was enhanced in late 1991 to focus on the needs of the international business community including features such as currency evaluation, for- eign languages and localized country requirements.

While HP has no current plans to release a client-server ver- sion of its Financial Management software product, Sobottka says that the company is investigating a move in that direction.

Lawson now offers its Accounting System for HP 9000 Se- ries 800 systems. Integrated application packages include gen- eral ledger, with optional modules for ratio analysis, cost allocations, flexible budgeting and financial report writing; accounts payable, accounts receivable, fixed assets and project accounting.

Claridge, notes that the company is facing three trends in the financial software market: globalization, rightsizing, and the shift toward client-server computing.

Today, notes Claridge, all that users expect of client-server computing is the ability to run the software in a Windows en- vironment. “More sophisticated requirements just aren’t there yet,” she adds.

However, her company is working on a full-fledged client- server version of its software. Lawson financial products today work with both the Oracle and Informix relational database. The company plans to move to other databases as well, says Claridge.

Lawson will reportedly make its financial software available to HP3000 users Q1 793.

Oracle Financials Release 9.0 are presently available to both HP 3000 and 9000 users. According to George Coch, senior vice president of applications, the latest version follows tough qual- ity assurance testing to combat previous product flaws.

In July, the company announced the Oracle Business Man- ager to provide a cooperative processing GUI to Oracle Appli- cations under Microsoft Windows. Coch contends that Oracle offers users a client-server architecture allowing them to choose the computing environment that best meets their needs.

Multiview Corp. (Burlington, MA), a leveraged-buyout of Cognos Corp.’s financial software business, offers its family of

40

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COMPUTING

One of the most adventurous of new financial accounting

applications is an imaging-—based financial management system

from Computron Feéchnologies Corp.

business solutions on the HP 3000. John Leslie, senior vice president of operations ‘says the company plans to move to a client-server architecture by year-end 1993. As promised last year, Cognos released Powerhouse 7.0 which allows Multiview to migrate to a client-server environment. Power- house 7.0 currently delivers full Microsoft Windows function- ality on the PC.

Computer Associates will make its first foray into the HP market with Masterpiece Release 3.0 for the HP 9000 by Q1 "93, according to Kurt Seibert, vice president. Previously serv- ing the IBM and DEC marketplace, CA recognized the user demands and moved to HP-UX. “We go where the industry goes,” says Seibert.

In keeping with market trends, Masterpiece Release 3.0 of- fers users international support such as currency conversion and language translation. The company also offers value-added ap- plications such as MasterStation, which provides LAN-based cli-

HP MARKET ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL SOFTWARE VENDORS

Lawson Associates

ent-server, Cooperative processing; MasterEDI for users inter- ested in electronic data interchange; and, MasterVision for mul- tidimensional modeling and analysis.

ASK Computer Systems (Mountain View, CA) currently of- fers MANMAN, a manufacturing business management system on the HP’s 3000. According to Diane Belknap, HP product line manager at ASK, the company plans to introduce MANMAN/X, a new version the company’s product on the 9000 in October 1992, and a year later on the HP 3000. MANMAN/X includes relational database technology, 4GLs, UNIX and POSIX compliance, says Belknap. Expect to see client-server products roll out over the next three to five years, she adds.

One of the most adventurous of new financial accounting applications is an imaging-based financial management system from Computron Technologies Corp. Using Computron’s multiplatform N-Dimensions Technology, digital images of all

This list is not meant to be comprehensive. For inclusion in future articles, please contact the editors at (215) 957-1500.

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paper-based documentation are integrated into general ledger, accounts payable and receivable, and fixed asset modules. N- Dimensions is available now on the HP 9000 and may make the move to the 3000 next year.

Long-time HP 3000 ISV MCBA (Glendale, CA) now offers its Classic Accounting Software on the HP 9000. Last year, MCBA’s product was able to talk to data residing on an Informix database. In March of this year, MCBA gave users the capabil- ity to talk to an Oracle relational database as well. In June 1992, MCBA released Resolution, a product line that includes the company’s financials, written in Oracle’s SQL-Forms Version 3.0 for the HP 9000.

By year end, another 3000 veteran Mitchell Humphrey & Co. (St. Louis, MO) plans to release its Financial Management software on the HP 9000. Ken Benvenuto, senior vice presi- dent of operations says that a key market trend is making the software more intuitive to use. To this end, the company is working on its next generation of product.

Meanwhile, Mitchell Humphrey introduced two client- server-based tools this year. One product is a PC-based report writer that can communicate with the HP 3000. The second product allows information to be uploaded and downloaded from the PC to the 3000.

Financial management software from Sotas International

(Haverhill, MA) is available for both HP 3000 and 9000 users. Arthur J. King, marketing director says that the company is keeping an eye on client-server computing but has not made a commitment to move in that direction.

In addition to being available on the HP 3000, Collier- Jackson’s World Class Series software appeared on the 9000 in September.

While the move to an open systems environment is new for the company, the product itself will remain the same, Warren Fletcher, general manager, says. “What will be new is the look and feel, the software will be more self-guiding,” he adds.

Collier-Jackson has made client-server versions of its Hu- man Resource and Payroll modules available. However, the company has not set an introduction date for similarly func- tioned accounting software, although it is reportedly working on its next generation of product.

Ross will make it’s financials available to HP 3000 and 9000 users by Q1 ’93. About the same time expect to see client- server-based financial software from Dun & Bradstreet and SAP America. — Lynn Haber. is a Boston-based freelance writer special- izing in computer and communications technology.

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Living (On the Fault Line

BY Bice SHARP

When Downtime Causes Untimely And Costly Interruptions In Your Business Environment, It’s Time To Invest In A

Fault-Tolerant System

P If you use the computer to play games or to do something really challenging like balancing your checkbook, then to watch your program go bye-bye is irritating, but not devastating. But imagine you're a doctor working in an intensive care unit, with your patient on the verge of cardiac arrest, trying to check crucial patient records on the room terminal, or envision yourself sitting at a console doing air traffic control work with three airliners on converging vectors — and the system “goes down.” Suddenly, the difference between being down for hours and minutes versus milliseconds becomes a crucial factor.

If you have an application where a millisecond once in a while is all that you can ever spare to downtime, then you are a candidate for fault-tolerant systems. As it happens, more and more busi- nesses and processes are finding that being down for more than the odd fraction of a second is just not acceptable, therefore sales of fault-tolerant systems are rising. What began as a tiny vertical slice of the computer market several years ago is growing into a major bite of the computer business whoopie pie.

That whoopie pie is shared by Tandem, with nearly 70 percent of the market, Stratus Computer Inc., with about 24 percent of the market, and Digital Equipment Corp. and Sequoia Systems Inc.

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sharing the remaining few percent. As a separate vendor, HP fault-tolerant systems are nearly non-existent. That may be changing, however, as demand for FT systems and HP’s clout in the computer business both generally increase.

Fault-tolerance (FT) is simple in concept. Computer design- ers provide duplicates of system components so that in the event that one fails, another can take over, typically before the user is aware of the problem (in milliseconds), with no data loss. Effective FT systems also include operating system and software modifications to ensure that the entire system remains functional. This contrasts with traditional computers, which lack redun- dant components, may be down for hours and lose all data not backed up, and with “highly available” systems designed to lose only active transactions when they go down, and that recover within a few minutes.

“As we become a more global society, people tend to keep their computer systems up 24 hours a day,” says AJ. Berkeley, vice president of marketing for Sequoia Systems Inc. (Marlboro, MA). “Our business is a good example. We have support people on the phone in shifts, with one team in the U.K., then later another in the U.S. takes over, and then [one in] Australia. But there is one computer system running at all times that holds the support information; 24 hours a day, seven days a week.”

Naturally, the computer described by Berkeley is a Sequoia FT system. It isn’t allowed to go down, even for upgrades, because the risk to Sequoia’s customers would be intolerable. “If you have a system that fails once every two years, we say

that is not good enough anymore in a service-based economy,” adds Berkeley.

A Worthwhile Investment

NOTHER FACTOR THAT DRIVES users toward fault

tolerance is the need for more complex computing sys-

tems. Performance gains these days are going at the high end to multiprocessor systems, and systems with larger, more complex memory and lots of links to other systems. This complexity creates more possible failure mechanisms. As Ber- keley points out, the more parts there are in the system, the greater the likelihood that one of them will fail — and the stronger the argument for FT design to protect users from these failures.

These pressures force more users to look seriously at fault- tolerant systems as a smart investment. Raanan Peleg, business development manager for HP’s Series 1200 FT systems, quotes estimates from market research firm Infocorp that 1991 fault- tolerant sales totalled $2 billion, and will reach $2.8 billion by 1995. Proprietary systems still account for the vast majority of current fault-tolerant sales ($1.9 billion for 1991). However, Infocorp projects proprietary FT growth at 10 percent per year, while UNIX FT growth will steam ahead at 40 percent per year. HP’s target is a 25 percent share of the telecommunications FT business, the fastest-growing market segment.

[ Stratus SHoppinc Spree Enns At HP ]

Cranes jut high in the sky in Hudson, MA, hoisting girders for construction of a manufacturing plant for systems based on the new Alpha architecture from Digital Equipment Corp. From their windows in the new building, DEC employees will be able to gaze across the street at Stratus Computer Inc., where engineers will be hard at work preparing to ship new fault-tolerant systems based on rival PA-RISC chip designs from HP.

The Stratus decision to move to HP technology for

future fault-tolerant systems comes after a protracted window-shopping spree that included examinations of offerings from all the leading chip vendors. Although Stratus has been using Motorola chips for some time and recently announced new systems based on the Intel I860-XT RISC chip, it has formally announced its intention to move to PA-RISC.

“We think that in the mid-90s there will be several good chips, but HP will be leading the pack,” says Jim Holley, director of systems products for Stratus. Holley conceded that Stratus examined designs from other leading vendors, including those mentioned above, as

50

well as MIPS, Sun Microsystems (SPARC), IBM (POWER) and DEC (Alpha). He noted that Stratus has its own models for what it needs in future chip designs, and examined cache size as well as technologies including superscalar and superpiplining in making its decision.

He noted that replacing Intel chips with HP designs in future Stratus models would likely require no more than a board swap. “Source code will remain compatible with the previous models and require only a recompile to make the change.”

It isa measure of the optimism HP, Sequoia and Stratus feel about the fault-tolerant market that they feel secure in basing their competing product lines on the same chip designs. All three are convinced there will be enough growth in the offering to satisfy their combined appetites.

You have to wonder just what kind of silicon Stratus saw to bring on such a shift. PA-RISC chips planned by HP for the mid-90s must be impressive indeed to compel Stratus to risk the wrath of Ken Olsen’s cranes across the street.

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Historically, the benefits of FT technology have come at a considerable price premium. “Four to five years ago the pre- mium was 400 to 500 percent,” says Peleg. “UNIX market com- petition has pushed that down. Now we see a 50 to 100 percent premium at the low end, about a 50 percent premium in the midrange, and in high-end systems where components are al-

ready redundant, the price difference is virtually a wash.”

P’s Place In the Market

NTIL THIS SUMMER, HP competed only in the | midrange and high-end portions of the FT market, conceding the low-end to other vendors. Until mid- June, HP offered two fault-tolerant models the 1240 and 1245, both made by Sequoia and sold by HP under an OEM agree- ment. The 1240 sells for $410,000 and up, and the Model 1245 sells for $570,000 and up. With the introduction of the Model 1210, also produced by Sequoia, HP for the moment has seized the low-end price point for FT systems. HP’s Model 1210 provides: m Base price of $165,000. m 40 TPS estimated performance. m@ 80 mips.

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m Object code compatibility with 1240 and 1245. m Up to four-way symmetric multiprocessing.

m@ Up to 32 I/O slots.

m More than 52 GB maximum storage.

Hardware fault detection with software-based recovery are both implemented in the 1210. The system is based on Motorola 25 MHz 68040 processors for two-way or four-way multipro- cessing. The system supports up to 192 MB of shadowed memory, mirrored disks up to 52 GB and up to 900 users.

HP cites the closest competing products as the Tandem In- tegrity Model 300, DEC FT models and Stratus XA/R Model 20, noting that the 1210 outperforms them both in nearly ev- ery category, at a lower price.

The 1210 was developed cooperatively by Sequoia working in tandem (no pun intended) with Samsung Electronics Co. (Seoul, South Korea), which co-designed and manufactures the system. Alert readers will recall that Samsung also has separate cooperative agreements with HP for PA-RISC system develop- ment.

One market where Sequoia is too small to get much atten- tion is telecommunications, into which HP sells increasing num- bers of computer systems. Sequoia granted HP exclusive rights to sell into this market, which is in fact the target for HP’s in- troduction of the 1210.

. Py roressor cael aaa

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HP hopes to sell large numbers of the 1210 for uninter—

ruptible management of:

m Local telephone networks.

m Development of advanced intelligent networks (AIN). m@ Cellular phone networks.

m Messaging services.

m Customer support.

= Communication servers.

Outside of the telecommunications market, HP and Sequoia are teaming up to market the HP 1200 family for medical ap- plications, where HP’s medical divisions already have a sizable presence. Sequoia recently announced FT systems for the Mas- sachusetts Utility MultiProgramming System (MUMPS) inte- grated programming language and database management system desired by the healthcare industry. HP and Sequoia foresee sig- nificant demand for FT systems in patient records systems, a market in which HP is already active.

Other markets for which HP sees growing FT demand in- clude financial services, railroad tracking, airline reservations, air traffic control, and local government emergency 911 systems.

For large numbers of commercial systems, both Sequoia and HP report that FT capability will increasingly become not only a costly add-on that is nice to have, but an expected part of every viable system, provided at little price premium. For this

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By giving users concurrent access to both master and shadow copies of data, NetBase-Shadowing lets you off load busy systems. Batch reports and inquiry access can take place on the shadow computer while users continue to access data on the master.

In addition, disaster recovery is simplified when multiple copies of your data exist on the network. Should a machine fail, all file access can be redirected to another computer almost instantly, bringing an otherwise down application back on-line in an incredibly short period of time.

With increased performance, 24 hour uptime and on-line back-ups, NetBase-Shadowing provides options for expanding data processing needs never before possible.

reason, HP and Sequoia are hard at work on future models for the 1200 line.

HP’s Peleg says HP has plenty of input, and the next design for the line will be aimed at meeting telecommunications needs for central office switching applications. “It will meet Bellcore requirements for placement next to switches, resistance to tem- perature and earthquake damage and capability for alarm and fault services,” he says.

Future Sequoia/HP systems will include PA-RISC chips to improve performance, although just how soon this change will take place is unclear. However, the advantage to Sequoia of using these chips is clear to its competitors, who are respond- ing. Stratus Computer Inc. recently announced that even as it was about to unveil its latest FT model based on Intel chips, it has decided to develop future designs based on PA-RISC. These models are expected to debut in late 1994 or early 1995.

In one way or another, HP is destined to be a major player in the fault-tolerant computer business, and may soon be con- trolling the switching of your telephone calls, or placement of your airline reservations — not to mention the balancing of your mission-critical checkbook.

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Quarterdeck Office Systems’ DESQview/X: At Last You Can Integrate HP-UX Workstations And Servers With Your DOS PCs

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CIRCLE 472 ON READER CARD

56

optimize program runs automatically. Optimize scans CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT files to determine which TSRs and device drivers can be moved into high memory from conven- tional memory. This maximizes the amount of memory available to run DOS programs.

To use resources of other systems on the network and allow machines to use the resources on- the DESQview/X PC, we identified the name of the PC. Be- cause the PC rests on top of PC/TCP, we assigned the same unique system name when configuring both packages. We also included the name in the host’s file on the systems with which we wanted to share resources. We also ran the xhost + command on each host to permit re- mote clients to use the DESQview/X PC as a display.

Each communications service you en- able requires at least one TCP/IP socket, although FTP Software provides four free sockets by default. Network buffers also can be increased to improve network performance. We increased the param- eters by modifying the line that loads the FTP kernel for the network interface card in our AUTOEXEC.BAT file to 16 sock- ets and eight network buffers.

After all the files are copied, install automatically adds the existing programs on the PC to the DESQview/X open window menu and the applications man- ager window. The setup program is run, accepting defaults that can be changed at a later time, if required. All options, in- cluding display, keyboard, mouse, printer, network, startup, window man- ager and time performance, can be reconfigured by running the setup pro- gram from the DOS prompt or from within DESQview/X.

Sharing DESQ Space

Beyond its windowing and multitasking capabilities lies DESQview/X’s distributed computing capability. This is perhaps the most remarkable feature. Two DOS- based PC users can share files, applications and devices that reside on either system. There are other products on the market- place that permit DOS users to take over

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other unused DOS workstations on the LAN, but the other DOS workstations become dedicated to the controlling user. DESQview/X allows a user to run an ap- plication on another user’s PC while that user 1s performing some other task.

Even more remarkable is the capabil- ity provided to X terminal or worksta- tion users which allows them to run DOS applications as clients on the DESQ- view/X workstation. X users see DOS ap- plications running in front of them on their display. However, the actual appli- cation is executing on the DESQview/X DOS machine. In the past, the only way to come close to performing such a feat was to use DOS under a UNIX emula- tor. DESQview/X allows you to add a DOS application server to your network, a server that can be accessed by several X terminal users at the same time.

We verified that the system was pre- pared to accept X-Server connection re- quests by running Qconnect, a DESQview/X-provided utility. Ready to begin our remote computing capabilities, we started by typing dvx. The menu dis- played the master list of available com- mands, including the ability to open and close windows, switch to another win- dow, rearrange, help, quit, and so on.

Outside Your Window

To run a program, we had to choose Open Window. The Open Window menu lists all the programs that have been installed in the software, as well as other menus to get to more programs. From the Open Window menu, we se- lected remote DOS and were prompted to enter the name of the DESQview/X PC. We connected to a laptop PC and without difficulty, began programs on the remote machine from the DOS window displayed on our system.

Because connecting between a DOS PC and a UNIX server seemed mysteri- ously exciting, we gave it a go. Using non-DESQview/X systems, such as X workstations or X terminals, requires some additional information before con- necting. We gathered information about the various host names and passwords of the hosts systems we wanted to connect

OCTOBER 1992

to. Using ping, we verified the connec- tion to our HP 9000/834, Sun IPC, and DEC 3100 hosts. We opened a DOS win- dow on our DESQview/X PC and made a Telnet connection to the HP 9000 host. By entering the name of an X Windows program on the remote system and send-

ing the display to our DESQview/X PC, we easily started the X programs.

We also could use the remote shell command, rsh. This sends a command line to a remote machine, which will in turn execute the command for the initi- ating user. By entering rsh labsun -1

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CIRCLE 180 ON READER CARD

L AB §$

Thanks to DESQview, files, printers,

processors and memory on DOS PCs

no longer have to be locked away from

the UNIX users on your network.

marty maze -display labdv:0, we dis- played the maze program running on the HP 9000 to our PC. The rexec command can be used in place of the rsh command if the system you’re connecting to prompts for a password.

Connecting to the DESQview/X PC from a non-DESQview/X system was just as easy. Any DOS character-based pro- gram, Microsoft Windows application or X Window System program can be used.

A totally unmodified DOS program can become an X client usable on any X server. To start a DOS session on the DESQview/X PC and display it on the HP 9000, we entered rsh labdv -1 marty DOS. A DOS window displayed on the HP host, permitting us to run any appli- cation on the DESQview/X PC. The function keys worked just as though we were sitting in front of the PC. We were able to print to the connected printer and

even dial out on the modem connected to the PC,

We opened multiple DOS windows to the DESQview/X PC from a variety of UNIX host systems simultaneously. At the same time, we could use the PC for local applications. And, we could run the DESQview/X companion programs from any location. The File Manager compan- ion program permitted us to display a listing of the files on the DESQview/X PC and the HP 9000 on the same screen. We could then move and copy files be- tween the systems by clicking on the ap- propriate buttons.

Thanks to DESQview applications, files, printers, processors and memory on a DOS PC no longer have to be myste- riously locked away. Instead, these re- sources can be transparently accessible for each user. So, if you want UNIX

to DOS windowing, one solution is DESQview/X from Quarterdeck Office Systems Inc. a

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CIRCLE 101 ON READER CARD

58

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CIRCLE 129 ON READER CARD HP PROFESSIONAL

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The Ross Systems’logo is a trademark of Ross Systems CIRCLE 153 ON READER CARD

WHAT

Paralog's Text-Based Database Delivers Mind-Blowing | Performance — No Matter How Far-Out Your Data Is

i FEATURES: _ Database engine designed to iable | coin e g ratiah | T= a text-based database management system from Paralog Inc. _ m CCL query language conforms to (Sherman, CT), isn’t a psychedelic experience, but it could

| | | | | | | | | —————— | |

ISO standards, provides extended alter your perceptions — of database performance, that is. Boolean search capabilities.

= User interface built on OSE/Motif. | TRIP is well-conceived and even more remarkably well-accom-

plished. The package can handle several databases simultaneously. Those

PLATFORMS: databases can, in combination, literally take up as much disk space as your HP-UX, DEC, VAX/VMS, DEC RISC/ Ultrix, IBM AIX, Sun OS

HP machine can offer; the theoretical upper limit is 2-to-the-32nd-power blocks. With a block size of 2 KB, this works out to quite a gaggle of

$5,000-$500,000 depending on CPU And, those databases don’t need to share a common structure; neither size and number of users.

record or field names, nor record or field data types, nor even record or

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} i field lengths, in any one database must resemble any one of its peers in an araiog inc. | gt M4 y p y | other database, in order to allow TRIP to be able to search across them i

Sherman, CT 06784 simultaneously. In a nutshell, schemas don’t need to match. Further, in

(203) 740-7200

|

| PRICE: gigabytes, to say the least. | |

i

|

i

|

a search of a single database, TRIP averages only two seconds to find a

(203) 740-2344 (FAX) g y | i

single item in a database that is 16 GB in magnitude. CIRCLE 306 ON READER CARD © | TRIP uses what Paralog calls an inverted file index. This means that

be carried out based on the contents of any field. Think of the conse-

| quences of this capability. No item of information in a TRIP database

|

!

i

j

|

{

i a . | every field in the database can be indexed, and further, that searches can H

H

}

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CIRCLE 123 ON READER CARD

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CIRCLE 459 ON READER CARD

beth B§

needs to be considered inconsequential. If, for whatever peculiar reason, you want to conduct a search of your data- base based upon occurrences, and varia- tions of those occurrences, of the string “42fortytwo”, TRIP will be more than happy to take on the job. And, it can do that job not only under HP-UX but also through SUN OS, RISC Ultrix, VMS and Windows. So even if yours is a mixed environment, TRIP can navigate it.

Born To Be Wild

TRIP’s database engine is, as we’ve mentioned, specifically designed to handle large amounts of variable-length text data. Like more garden-variety da- tabases, a TRIP data file is organized into records and fields. However, TRIP also supports many unconventional data types. In addition to integer and real numbers, and date, time, and string fields, TRIP accepts free text and phrase as data types, and can allow graphics and other unusual materials to be stored as strings. The data type free text can be further subdivided into paragraphs, sen- tences and words.

A benefit of this subdivision is the fact that TRIP can do positional searches; it can literally find Word A and Word B in the same paragraph or sentence, with the further criterion that A and B be sepa- rated by two other words.

Physically, a TRIP application consists of several files. A “BAF” file contains the actual data. Two other files hold indexes to that data. One of these, the Base In- dex File (BIF) stores positional informa- tion for items in the BAF file. The other, the Vocabulary Index File or VIF, is the index file for BIF. In effect, VIF contains pointers to items that are only parts of fields indexed in BIF.

TRIP also makes use of another file, which is itself a TRIP database; but which, rather than containing user-ini- tiated data, holds control information re- garding many aspects of how TRIP operates. That is, this Control File is TRIP’s way of managing users, user groups, output formats, entry forms, search forms, and procedures/macros. TRIP gives you the ability to create all

of these entities. It then administers them for you by means of the Control File.

Question Authority

As its query language, TRIP uses some- thing called the Common Command Language (CCL), which follows the ISO standard for query languages for text da- tabases. CCL includes all the standard search and query capabilities that any da- tabase would be expected to handle. Those in need of complex Boolean fa- cilities will be glad to know that CCL can handle such relationships easily, no mat- ter the degree to which they are nested or chained. Further, as one would expect of a text database worth its salt, CCL can: m Use left and right truncation, and wildcards, in searches.

m Carry out proximity searches.

@ Report on the frequency of occurrence of a search term.

m Do thesaurus searching, that is, find not only requested items but synonyms and even near-synonyms for those items.

For the programmer, TRIP offers an interesting feature called an Application Software Exit (ASE). An ASE is applica- tion-dependant code that becomes part of a TRIP database structure. ASEs define exit points from the standard TRIP code into user-written subroutines. Typical uses of ASEs include:

@ Passing a “hit” from a TRIP search to the user-written routine as an argument. m Automatically passing hits from TRIP searches to predefined output formats.

m Using the ASE to carry out error checking of user-defined extent on data entry.

Finally, Paralog now is working on what might be called an extended Bool- ean search capability that not only finds occurrences of search terms, but also weights those hits according to user-de- fined rankings. Just another side-TRIP, but one with real potential usefulness.

Tune In And Turn On

The installation procedure on our HP 9000/830 was pretty much a standard HP- UX install, and included using [[tar/ cpio]], starting a TRIP queue daemon by means of editing /etc/inittab, and plac-

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CIRCLE 477 ON READER CARD

ANANNANANANANANAANANAAAAAY

~

a

‘4

ree a ge

ing a TRIP service on the Internet by us- ing vi on /etc/inetd.conf and /etc/ser- vices. Any system administrator who is at all UNIX-conversant should be able to load TRIP without faltering.

TRIP’s user interface, called TRIPClient, is built on OSF/Motif. As a map for our own TRIPing, we used Paralog’s Guide for TRIP Managers. We created a database through the Database Design form specifying a database name, home directory, a default data entry form (not yet created), and the searchable spe- cial characters “~” and “|”. We deter- mined that because TRIP permits searches based on what would otherwise be reserved symbols, we might as well push it to the max and use characters that both it and UNIX might ordinarily in- terpret rather than simply accept.

Next, we proceeded to the second of TRIP’s standard forms, its Field Design screen, which allows the user/designer to designate field names, data types, and

TRIP permits searches based on what would otherwise be system-

reserved symbols.

whether the field is indexed or contains white space to be ignored during searches. We saved the contents of these windows from the menu item Save on the Database Design screen. Then we modified the design by means of the Edit item on these same two screens, chang- ing data types and adding accounting in- formation.

In our role as TRIP manager, we used the Databases option of TRIP’s main menu to arrive first at its Administration function, and from there to travel to Re-

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CIRCLE 244 ON READER CARD

name, Copy and Transfer. There we re- spectively changed the name of an ex- isting database design, created a new database by simply copying an existing design, and gave Manager rights for the databases in question to a different user. As was the case with our first TRIP, this second one was a complete success.

We concluded our journey by devis- ing data entry and query forms, noting a couple of interesting side-lights along the way. The only limit to the number of fields on such forms is a spatial one; if your monitor can hold them, you can lay them out. TRIP currently relies on the standard Motif color map in creat- ing and presenting forms. However, Paralog is working on its own such map in an effort to get around the prob- lem of Motifs color map getting over- loaded, and thereby presenting you with psychedelic color combinations only a tie-dye enthusiast could find aestheti- cally pleasing. w

Professional is

different from other HP publications because it provides me with higher level information

and that’s important.”’

| James Burton, IS Manager Boise Cascade

Prof

215 957-1500 PAX (215) 957-4264

HP PROFESSIONAL

Circle the numbers on the Reader Information Card for the products or services you're interested in. Then tear out the card and mail it in.

April 1991 (Expires July 1991)

For free information on products featured in this issue, circle the number of the ad or product for which you'd like more information.

NAME TITLE. COMPANY ADDRESS

CITY.

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TELEPHONE (

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send your request to the advertiser

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The Advertiser Information Page describes products advertised in the issue. There are also telephone and FAX numbers for

each company.

Free Information! April 1991 (Expires July 1991)

FAX NOW for Product Information. Do you need product information fast? Well, now you can FAX your information requests directly to HP Professional for a quick response*

It’s easy! Follow these 6 steps: I. In each box, print the numbers shown on the ads for the products you want more information about.

2. Attach your mailing label below or print your name, address, telephone number and FAX number.

Name Title Address City Country

Telephone Number ( FAX Number ( ) Signature

Please answer these questions:

3. Do you wish to receive/continue 5. What kind of HP computers does to receive HP Professional? your company own or plan to buy? 01O Yes 0201No 01 HP 3000

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02 O HP 9000

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04 Q.HP or HP/Apollo Workstations 05 O) Other

INFORMATION

formation abut the products from the companies listed below, circle the appropriate number on the reader information card. This additional service. The publisher does not assume any lability for erors and omissions

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CIRCLE 115 ON READER CARD

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Immediately after the storm, Equinox initiated a rapid recovery program. Many employees living in the devastated Homestead area lost their homes, cars and posses- sions. In spite of their own severe personal losses, the Equinox team rose above the crisis and banded together to reestablish the com- pany, working long and hard hours to overcome severe challenges. Within 3 days, new phone lines were installed and staffed. Our dedicated team was solving cus- tomer problems, expediting deliver- ies from out-of-state manufacturing operations and conducting busi- ness as usual without skipping a beat. Within one week the com- pany moved all critical personnel and computer systems to the new temporary facility in Broward County, an area left unscathed by Andrew. Limited shipments began shortly thereafter.

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We know that the patience of our customers and quick response from our suppliers were an important part of our success during this very challenging time. We are pleased to announce that we have resumed volume shipments of all key prod- ucts and we thank our many friends for their support. We realize that we could not have done it without you.

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CIRCLE 278 ON READER CARD

I recently got my hands on some unofficial (not from mar- keting) network benchmark numbers that may help you determine how to or- ganize a mixed network of Series 700 machines and Domain/OS systems. These tests were performed casually (no white lab coats and clipboards here), in a way you would typically use a network. Keep in mind that all of these numbers were compiled on an isolated network with no other traffic. Of course, the 700s were running HP-UX, and all other ma- chines were running Domain/OS.

Table 1 lists NFS performance using Sun Microsystems’ NFS benchmark test. Just for laughs, I threw in one set of Do- main/OS DDS numbers. Remember, these numbers are not for quantitative analysis, just comparison. By changing block sizes for reads and writes, and al- tering the memory amounts, these num- bers can vary greatly. All machines in this

test were configured with 8 MB RAM (to —

slow things down), the 700 was on HP- UX 8.07, and the Domain/OS machines were all on SR10.4 with NFS 2.3.

I decided that it’s best to leave the Se- ries 400 machines on Domain/OS until it no longer makes sense for application

Domain NFS is great for those who need to access many files around

the network.

data files on a Series 700, on the other hand, leave a lot to be desired.

The best way to achieve decent per- formance with a mixed set of clients would be to leave a database on a Series 400 running Domain/OS and let that be an NFS server. Let the other Domain machines access the database through DDS services, and let Series 700s use NFS to access the database.

You could also customize the net- work so that one Series 700 could sup- port read-only databases (such as man-pages) for other 700s, but all 700s would access true (read-write) databases from Domain/OS NFS servers. This way

Integrate Series 700s And Domain/OS Machines To Increase Network Performance

The Numbers Advantage

the other Domain machines still could

use DDS to access the database. Note that

the Domain/OS NFS machine should be

the fastest machine available to you. The general rules are:

gw Maximize Domain to Domain access.

mw Maximize HP-UX to HP-UX NFS ac-

cess for reads.

mw Maximize HP-UX to Domain NFS

writes,

m Minimize writes to HP-UX NFS serv-

ers.

FTP Transfer Rates One thing to keep in mind in a UNIX network is that Domain NFS is great for those who need to access many files around the network. But it isn’t the fast- est method of transferring large files. To prove the point, Table 2 shows FTP trans- fer rates achieved in an informal test. Note the 720 to 720 speed, twice of that seen with reads in NFS. The point is, when speed is an issue, Domain ad- ministrators need to avoid the habit of copying files with network-wide pathnames. Note that the speed dropped

reasons. I suggest waiting at least until the READS next HP-UX release is available and well- Server Protocol Speed (KB/s) tested. It seems fairly obvious from Table 400T DDS 537.9 1 that Domain/OS using DDS services to 4007 NFS 230.4

va 720 NFS 542.2 access remote files for reads or writes is 720 NES 357 3 the best solution. But, what happens when you introduce Series 700s? WRITES

Server Protocol Speed (KB/s)

Performance Reviews 400T DDS 312

NFS performance, when reading from a 400T NFS 274 700 acting as an NFS server for a set of - ae es data files, is good for both 700s and Do- main/OS machines. Writes to NFS served

NFS System Relative Performance.

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CIRCLE 294 ON READER CARD

Network

Thinnet ATR

Thinnet Thinnet

greatly when a Series 700 used the Apollo Token Ring (ATR). The TCP packets had to be wrapped in DDS type packets before being sent. This is much like the speed drops seen when using TCP/IP instead of DDS on Domain nodes in an ATR.

Many sites don’t have FTP running and don’t want to. In that case, you could use rep to copy files (directories) across the network instead of using the “thorn in the foot of UNIX” (NFS). rep will be faster than NFS. Using the -p op- tion should preserve ownership and

FTP Transfer Rates In Test.

modes, but I’ve seen this not work. In that case, here’s another method that takes advantage of the stream I/O meth- ods used by UNIX. This command looks cryptic, but does work.

To copy the file copy_this, which lives in the directory “dir” on HP-UX host H700a to this host, and put it in di- rectory “/dira”:

remsh H/00a “(cdi /dir ;tar cf - ye | CCG: Cl ra Star xvt =)

copy_this

This method always preserves owner and times, as it uses tar to do the copy.

Patch Works

Here are more warnings about SR10.4. GPIO seems to be wicked broke. Most programs that make gpio_$ calls don’t work. Also, many vfmt_$ calls that weren’t corrected in earlier releases, which count on the old aegis stream 3 to be duplicated on stream 2, are broken. Fortunately, there’s now a patch tape available with many patches that address the printing problem as well as many other problems.

There’s also a problem with alternate GLB cells. A node that’s assigned to a cell will occasionally pick up a global from another cell. The time period for clock skew between globals also has been dropped from 10 minutes to less than three. — Fred Mallett is president of FAME Computer Education in Corpus Christi, TX. He also serves on the InterWorks board of di- rectors.

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____[ HP-UX Fortran 0: A Furure For Forrman ]

HP announced at the August INTER WORKS Users Confer- ence that future releases of its HP-UX FORTRAN/9000 com- pilers will adhere to the FORTRAN 90 standard. A superset of the well-known ANSI 77 FORTRAN standard, FORTRAN 90 is the International Standards Organization (ISO) standard for multiplatform FORTRAN compilers. The standard is designed to enable application developers to more easily develop and main- tain portable, open systems FORTRAN applications.

According to Sandhya Klute, Computer Languages Operations marketing manager for HP’s Systems Technology Division, HP customers in scientific and engineering markets were requesting conformance to the standard. “FORTRAN remains a dominant language for applications in computation and analysis in the sci- entific marketplace. FORTRAN 90 is big news for prospective HP customers who want to replace older, costly supercomputers or downsize from costly mainframes and minis to client-server platforms like HP-UX.”

HP plans to phase in FORTRAN 90 compliance over time in order to deliver the features software developers want most while maintaining a seamless upgrade path to future FORTRAN implementations. The first phase of the FORTRAN 90 imple- mentation will begin with release 9.0 of HP-UX, which is ex-

70

pected later this year. Included in that release will be support for key features such as array notation, automatic arrays, allocatable arrays and character objects, as well as type declaration syntax and control con- structs. Remaining FORTRAN 90 features will be added accord- ing to customer demand.

HP-UX FORTRAN also will support other features designed to simplify porting applications across Cray, Digital, IBM, Sun and HP platforms. BSD’s libU77, a FORTRAN interface to system rou- tines, provides for enhanced SunOS and DEC Ultrix compatibility. And an AUTODOUBLE feature allows developers to transparently maintain the floating-point precision offered by supercomputers from Cray and IBM on less-costly workstation platforms. Several of Digital’s VAX/VMS extensions to HP-UX FORTRAN, including RECORDS, NAMELIST, BYTE and REAL*16 data types, vari- able-format expressions and LOGICAL representation also will be incorporated.

“HP now offers the most accepting FORTRAN in the indus- try,” says Klute. “FORTRAN 90 should put the Series 700 in an excellent position to capitalize on high-performance FORTRAN markets as users move toward low-cost hardware and open systems standards.”— Don Marks, Managing Editor.

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CIRCLE 141 ON READER CARD

NewWave 4.0 includes many enhancements in the Agent Task Language (ATL). You can use a few of these new commands to access rou- tines in any DLL including those that make up Windows. This lets you write powerful Windows applications using only the ATL.

The three new statements and func- tions that allow you to work with ex- ternal DLLs are DLLLOAD, DLLCALL and DLLFREE.

You use DLLLOAD to open the DLL that contains the routine you want to ac- cess. DLLCALL lets you actually make the call to any routine within the DLL. And DLLFREE closes the DLL when you’re finished accessing its routines.

Supporting these calls are several ad- ditional data types so you can create al- most any type an external DLL may

require.

You Make The Calls

Before you can use a subroutine or func- tion from a DLL, you need to establish a way to refer to the DLL file that contains the routine. You do this with the DLLLOAD statement, which returns a variable called a “handle.” Use this handle in subsequent calls to refer to the DLL. The general format for this state- ment is:

ique identification n ew Wave variable hUser.

rectOry, “"PObimiag O specify the fully qualified filename for the DLL. Another caveat: Windows refers to the KRNL file for your particular system type using the generic name KERNEL.EXE. This frees you, as a user of DLL calls, from deter- mining what class of system you’re run- ning on, but it’s an inconsistency you need to remember.

Once you have a handle, or reference to a DLL, you can call any of the sub- routines or functions in that DLL. In the past, I’ve described how you can use a

Write Full-Fledged Windows Applications Using Enhanced ATL Of NewWave 4.0

Agent ‘Taskmaster

program like TDUMP, which is included with many of Borland’s compiler prod- ucts, to view the routines within any DLL. That listing, along with the Win- dows programming documentation, en- ables you to fully utilize Windows’ built-in DLLs.

The general form of the statement used in NewWave to execute routines is:

returnvar = DLLCALL(handle, CallName, RetType, Lvarl, vartypel....]

Don’t panic! It only looks complicated. Let’s take a look at the parameters, and how you might use them.

Stay Within The Parameters The first parameter to DLLCALL is the handle to the DLL file that was returned from the DLLLOAD call.

Next comes the name of the subrou- tine or function you want to execute within the opened DLL file.

The third parameter is a flag repre- senting the type of data to be returned to your task in “returnval.” The “RetType” parameter should be one of the data types listed in Table 1. NewWave stores all variables internally as strings or long numerics. Because rou- tines require certain data types.

LPINTEGER! LPINT! LPFLOAT! LPLONG! LPDOUBLE LPBYTE! LPARRAY! LPMEM!

Integer pointer Integer pointer Float pointer Long pointer Double pointer Byte pointer Array pointer Memory pointer

INTEGER! Integer

Integer

handle = DLLLOAD(DLLFILE) For example, to open the USER.EXE FLOAT!

DLL, you would use this statement:

DOUBLE! Double

hUser# = DLLLOAD( “USER. EXE”) LPSTRING! LPSTR!

String pointer String pointer

This statement opens the USER.EXE file in the Windows directory, and assigns a

NewWave Data Types for DLLCALL.

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74

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CIRCLE 457 ON READER CARD

TASK

FOCUS hUser# = DLLLOAD(“USER.EXE”)

freemem# = DLLCALL(hUser#, “GetFreeMem”, LONG!, 0, INT!) MESSAGE OK# HAND “Total free memory = “+str(freemem#)

NewWave allows you to specify the for- mat in which variables should be passed to the DLL routines.

Any other parameters are optional, and the number of parameters depends on which subroutine or function you’re calling. Again, because DLLCALL needs to know the data type for each param- eter, the arguments appear in pairs: The first variable contains data (or a buffer for returning data from a subroutine), while the second variable indicates the data type of the previous argument. The data type should be one of those supported by NewWave and listed in Table 1.

The data types supported by NewWave are listed in Table 1. Be sure to match the data type, or you may find your DLL call doesn’t work and may even crash your system!

Heres 9 teal life~exampic. In USER.EXE, there is a routine call GetFreeMem that returns the a number of bytes of free memory. Checking a Windows Programming manual, you'll find the GetFreeMem takes an integer

ATL statements to call GetFreeMem.

parameter indicating which type of memory you're interested in, and it re- turns a long value indicating the amount of memory. Passing a zero causes the function to return total free memory. Thus, our ATL program would look like the segment listed in Figure 1.

When you’re finished using a handle to a DLL, it’s good programming prac- tice to “clean up” by closing the link and freeing the handle. To do this, you use the DLLFREE statement:

DLLFREE( hUser#)

Using these basic methods and vari- able types, you can directly manipulate DLLs from NewWave ATL tasks. Good programming! — Miles B. Kehoe, based in Mountain View, CA, is a Sysop on CompuServe’s HP Systems Forum (GO HPSYS). He can be reached there at 76711,405.

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oe P Professional is different

from other HP publications because it

provides me with higher level

information and that’s important.

James Burton, IS Manager

Boise Cascade

Professional

HP PROFESSIONAL

FAX Transmission Form

Free Information! OCTOBER 1992 (Expires January 1993)

FAX NOW for Product Information. Do you need product information fast? Well, now you can FAX your information requests directly to HP Professional for quick response.

It's Easy! Follow these 6 steps:

A I. In each box, print the numbers shown on the ads for the products you want more information about.

A 2. Attach your mailing label below or print your name, address, telephone number and FAX number.

Name Title Company

Address City Country

Telephone ( Vests 9 i ees BAR )

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Please answer these questions:

A 3. Do you wish to receive/continue A 5. In my job I specify, approve, purchase or to receive HP Professional? influence the purchase of the following 01UYes 02U)No (Check all that apply.):

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own or plan to purchase at this location 79 U) Software . (Check all that apply.): 97 LJ Other services and products

23 QHP 3000 79 Q HP Apollo bre i aaah 10 A: 33 LY HP 9000 86) Vectra 49) HP 1000 97) Other PCs (IBM, Macintosh, Clone)

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10/92

Although there are client-ser— ver products available to run HP 3000 applications from the desktop, many companies still are struggling just to use their PCs as dumb terminals. It is possible, however, and fairly easy to ac- complish the task of making your PC an HP terminal.

Connecting your PC to an HP 3000 using a serial link is the most common application. First, string an RS-232 cable from your PC’s serial port to a terminal port on your HP 3000 or your HP DTC. Next, install a terminal emulation prod- uct on your PC, make the necessary con- figurations and you’re on your way.

The real questions come when you want to use your LAN to connect the PC to your HP 3000. My examples will deal with Ethernet as opposed to Token Ring networks. Although people are more fa- miliar with Ethernet, the concepts can be applied to Token Ring networks, as well.

The first requirement is to have your HP 3000 attached to an Ethernet net- work. The new PA-RISC systems come network ready. Older, classic machines need the installation of a LANIC card to give it a network interface. You also need to have the appropriate HP network software installed, such as ThinLAN Link and NS3000 Network Services.

Next you need a PC, with network card, and a terminal emulation program. Understanding how these pieces fit to- gether is particularly important.

Driver’s Ed

The first part of the puzzle is your net- work card. Available from many differ- ent companies, this piece of hardware

76

connects to the network to send and re- trieve your data. A special software driver provided by the manufacturer controls the card and provides an interface to ap- plications that want to use the network. There are four types of drivers, Propri- etary, Packet, NDIS and ODI. Of these drivers, Packet, NDIS, and ODI allow software applications to concurrently share the network card.

Proprietary drivers only allow one program to use the network at a time. Older drivers required you to reboot the system if you wanted to run another net- work application. Packet drivers came out of the Internet environment and are used with TCP/IP Telnet and FTP soft- ware. NDIS drivers were developed for use with LAN Manager. Novell networks were the breeding ground for the ODI specification.

Because your PC is probably part of a PC-based network, such as LAN Man- ager or Novell, NDIS and ODI drivers are probably of most interest. These drivers allow you to load and unload your ap-

Linking Desktop Systems With The HP 3000 Doesn’t Have To Be A Struggle

PCs With Ease, Please

plication software at will, eliminating fre- quent reboots of your machine.

Don’t Blow Your Stack

The second part of the puzzle is the ter- minal emulation software. Because you are using a network, this software must also supply a protocol stack. The most common protocol stack is TCP/IP. If you haven’t kept up with the news, the HP 3000 now supports TCP/IP.

The HP 3000 has a program called NS/VT that handles the job of running virtual terminal sessions. Your terminal emulator has to provide software that can communicate with this NS/VT program on the HP 3000. For now, let’s call this PC-based program, NS/VT link. This NS/VT link program provided by your terminal emulator uses the protocol stack to communicate with the network card and interfaces directly with your termi- nal program.

Because NS/VT is proprietary it can be frustrating because no one outside the

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HP market supports it. Remember that it has to handle blockmode transmissions, be attentive to performance (both CPU and Network), and reliable. Fortunately, it does do these things very well.

Now that all the pieces are together the process works like this. When you type something on your terminal screen, it’s taken by the NS/VT link software and passed to the protocol stack. The proto- col stack with the use of the network card and its drivers transmits the data over the network. When the response comes back from the host, the network card re- ceives it and, using the drivers, passes it up to the protocol stack. The protocol stack then passes it to the NS/VT link, which gives it to the terminal emulator for display on your screen.

No Hard Choices

This basic configuration I’ve described will meet the requirements of about 90 percent of the sites looking to network their PCs to an HP-3000. All the pieces are widely available on the market today.

Your biggest choice is whether you use NDIS or ODI drivers. Your current environment of PC LANs may determine that rather quickly. All the major termi- nal emulation packages can be purchased with the NS/VT link and the correct pro- tocol stack. But not all the protocol stacks supplied by these vendors will support both ODI and NDIS drivers. They may support one and not the other. Customer demand is—if you'll pardon the pun— “driving” vendors to repair this defect quickly.

Other methods of PC connection ex- ist but they aren’t as straightforward. Re- member, HP terminal emulation is only important if you’re using block-mode applications. For years Cognos’ Power- house product Quick has supported a staggering variety of non-HP terminals. The use of terminal types when logging on, also eliminates many problems. Ten years ago I used my Commodore 64 to dial into and remotely maintain an HP 3000 using the term type of 18.

A few years ago HP sold a product that allowed PC network users to access

OCTOBER 1992

the HP 3000 through a special gateway PC. It worked, it was expensive, but it was appropriate for its time. Today, that product no longer exists, but it still comes up in discussions on PC connec- tivity. You don’t need a gateway and you don’t need to spend one million dollars. You probably only need to buy a termi- nal emulator and change the drivers for

the network cards you already have in house. It really is that simple! — Tim Cahoon provides wide ‘area network and HP technical support for the manufacturing opera- tions of a Fortune 500 company.

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yes 338 no 337

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CIRCLE 452 ON READER CARD

77

Programming languages cur-

rently in wide- spread use in- clude FORTRAN, COBOL, PASCAL, Assembler, MPE SPL and C. These gen- erally are regarded as procedural languages. They represent a linear style of thinking that translates nicely into flow charts and hierarchical diagrams. The dominant ap- proach to software development for nearly 40 years, this type of design is not about to go away.

In the early 1970s, however, a new group of languages began to emerge, starting with Simula, evolving into Small Talk and arriving at C++, Eiffel and Objective C. These are the object-ori- ented or objective languages. Objective languages include both object-oriented and object-based languages, and support the notion of designing around classes and software objects. The list of object- oriented languages is growing, and older languages are being updated to include object-oriented features.

COBOL, long a procedural language, is now being enhanced with object-ori- ented capabilities. Various dialects of PASCAL already have become more ob- ject-oriented. And the next standard for Ada (Ada 9X) will have greater support for object-oriented features. Now there is even an object-oriented version of the FORTH language. And entirely new lan- guages, such as ACTOR, have been de- signed specifically to support object- oriented development.

Many regard the current craze for ob- jects as the proverbial “silver bullet” for software productivity problems. Osten- sibly, this is a new paradigm for software development that parallels the way we think about other problems. Although I am a strong supporter of the object-ori-

78

ented paradigm, I resist the view that it’s the cure for all our programming ills. Another set of languages, which will become increasingly important, is the so- called 4GL language category. Currently, these range from simple report prepara- tion languages to fully-developed lan- guages for total system design and

Many regard the current craze

for objects as the

”

proverbial “silver bullet for software

productivity problems.

implementation. Some of these lan- guages, such as Powerhouse, Protos and Insight, are designed to support informa- tion systems applications. Others, such as the recently introduced language, S, from Statistical Sciences, are designed for mathematical data analysis. In fact, S is available for HP-UX environments and provides a powerful set of capabilities for advanced statistical analysis.

Tomorrow’s Lingua Franca?

At present, I believe three programming languages have high survivability rates: C++, Ada and COBOL-85. If you pro- gram in C and you have C++ available, you should make the transition to C++. If you program in PASCAL or FOR- TRAN or C (without C++ available) and can switch to Ada, you should make the transition to Ada. If you program in CO- BOL and have a COBOL-85 compiler, make the change as soon as possible.

Fluency In Multiple Languages And Methodologies Gives You A Competitive Edge

The Polyglot Programmer

From a compiler point-of-view, the easiest of these transitions is from C to C++ or from COBOL to COBOL-85. Ada requires some substantial additional training. From a software engineering point-of-view, the transition to any of these languages requires considerable training.

In almost any situation, if you use a C++ compiler on your existing C code, there won’t be a noticeable difference. However, from a design point-of-view, there will be some significant differences. First, C++ can be used as a better C. Eventually, it can be used to move your software engineering applications in the direction of object-oriented program- ming, and ultimately, object-oriented analysis and design. The long-term ben- efits of using C++ early will put your or- ganization ahead of the game. It could give you a competitive edge.

Ada is a different story. This is an ex- cellent language for large projects that require a high degree of reliability and maintainability. It’s also a language with exceptional portability across various plat- forms.

There is, unfortunately, no “royal road” to Ada. It requires an early com- mitment to object-oriented design, and an investment in training. The move to Ada will require an in-depth view of its benefits, but once those benefits begin to accrue, it will be seen as having been a wise choice.

The central issue for both Ada and C++ is the need to change the way you think about software design and imple- mentation. Because neither of these lan- guages is a traditional “procedural” language, you'll need to understand some new concepts. The concepts aren’t inher- ently hard, but they are different from what you have understood in the past about software.

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COBOL-85 is a required move for any shop currently using COBOL. No, CO- BOL-85 isn’t one of the objective lan- guages. It is, however, a significant improvement over the earlier incarna- tions of this language. The problem is, most programmers and designers who have made the transition to COBOL-85 still are not aware how powerful the new language can be.

The transition to the COBOL-85 lan- guage won’t simply change the way pro- grammers lay code. It can and should change the way systems analysts specify and design systems. The more powerful features of COBOL-85 are not in the syn- tactical improvements such as END-IF, etc. The real advances in COBOL-85 are in the ability to build more maintainable, more reliable code through the software engineering principles of information hiding, localization and modularity. This raises serious design issues. Systems de-

signers who have been raised on older versions of COBOL usually fail to recog- nize how to use these new concepts, so this requires some additional education.

C++, Ada and COBOL-85 are not “the best” languages. My favorite, gen- eral purpose language is an object-ori- ented language called Eiffel. One problem with Eiffel is that it is a propri- etary language. Only one company makes Eiffel compilers, and these are not available on as many platforms as the other languages cited.

Language Lessons If you’re a software engineer, you need to understand the fundamental benefits of different classes of programming lan- guages. Although you also should have some experience programming in several of them, but your main job is not pro- gramming.

If you’re programmer, you would do

well to be fluent in several languages. For example, if the only language in your repertoire is COBOL, your thinking will be severely limited. The same would be true, however, if you only knew C. Think of yourself as a carpenter with a toolbox. As they say, if your only tool is a hammer, every problem will look like a nail.

The best language? As a programmer, if your toolbox is well stocked, you can select the language appropriate to the problem at hand. As a software designer, if you know the characteristics of differ- ent tools, you can specify the correct tools along with the architecture of the system.—Richard Riehle is president of AdaWorks in Palo Alto, CA.

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